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Programming for Biomedical Applications

Programming for Biomedical Applications. By: Engr. M.O Fashola. THE IMPORTANCE OF PROGRAMMING TO A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER. Programming.

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Programming for Biomedical Applications

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  1. Programming for Biomedical Applications By: Engr. M.O Fashola.

  2. THE IMPORTANCE OF PROGRAMMING TO A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER

  3. Programming Computer programming is the process of writing instructions that get executed by computers. The instructions, also known as code, are written in a programming language which the computer can understand and use to perform a task or solve a problem. Moreso, the process of taking an algorithm and encoding it into a notation, a programming language, so that it can be executed by a computer. Although many programming languages and many different types of computers exist, the important first step is the need to have the solution. Without an algorithm there can be no program. Algorithms describe the solution to a problem in terms of the data needed to represent the problem instance and the set of steps necessary to produce the intended result. Programming languages must provide a notational way to represent both the process and the data. To this end, languages provide control constructs and data types.

  4. A programmer, developer, dev, coder, or software engineer is a person who creates computer software. The term computer programmer can refer to a specialist in one area of computers or to a generalist who writes code for many kinds of software. Programmer?

  5. Why is Programming Important • Programming is important for learning to innovate, create eco-friendly solutions for global problems. Programming is important in our daily life to enhance and increase the power of computers and internet. • Programming is important for speeding up the input and output processes in a machine. Programming is important to automate, collect, manage, calculate, analyze processing of data and information accurately. • Programming is important to create software and applications that help computer and mobile users in daily life. Due to all these reasons, it’s really important to learn how to use programming languages in our daily life.

  6. Programming Languages • Java, javascript, C#, C++, PHP, Python, SQL, etc. programming languages are the reasons behind the innovations in information technologies. If today we are seeing robots, artificial intelligence, machine learning, bitcoins, the blockchain, IOT (Internet of Things), Cloud Computing etc. new technology and products in IT industry, then it’s because of programming languages.

  7. IC Programming / Embedded Systems

  8. What exactly is an embedded computer? An embedded computer is frequently a computer that is implemented for a particular purpose. In contrast, an average PC computer usually serves a number of purposes: checking email, surfing the internet, listening to music, word processing, etc... However, embedded systems usually only have a single task, or a very small number of related tasks that they are programmed to perform. Every home has several examples of embedded computers. Any appliance that has a digital clock, for instance, has a small embedded micro-controller that performs no other task than to display the clock. Modern cars have embedded computers onboard that control such things as ignition timing and anti-lock brakes using input from a number of different sensors.

  9. What exactly is an embedded computer? Embedded computers rarely have a generic interface, however. Even if embedded systems have a keypad and an LCD display, they are rarely capable of using many different types of input or output. An example of an embedded system with I/O capability is a security alarm with an LCD status display, and a keypad for entering a password. In general, an Embedded System: It is a combination of hardware and software that performs a specific task. • Is a system built to perform its duty, completely or partially independent of human intervention. • Is specially designed to perform a few tasks in the most efficient way. • Interacts with physical elements in our environment, e.g. controlling and driving a motor, sensing temperature, etc.

  10. What are Embedded Systems Used For? Embedded systems are often required to provide Real-Time response. A Real-Time system is defined as a system whose correctness depends on the timeliness of its response. Examples of such systems are flight control systems of an aircraft, sensor systems in nuclear reactors and power plants. For these systems, delay in response is a fatal error. • Hard Real-Time Systems - systems with severe constraints on the timeliness of the response. • Soft Real-Time Systems - systems which tolerate small variations in response times. • Hybrid Real-Time Systems - systems which exhibit both hard and soft constraints on its performance.

  11. Programming Languages for Embedded Systems Also, it is useful to point out some features of popular programming languages that are especially important for embedded systems. • ANSI C programming language: Many microprocessors and microcontrollers can be programmed in C, and a number of C cross-compilers exist for that purpose. C is perhaps the most frequently used language for new embedded system development. The "volatile" keyword, rarely used in desktop app programming, becomes very important in Embedded Systems/C Programming. • Ada was designed with multiprocessor support and strong compile-time checks to ensure the quality and integrity of developed systems—Many microcontrollers can be programmed with Ada as the GNAT Ada compiler it is part of the often ported GNU Compiler Collection, though documentation is often not as available as other more popular languages such as C.

  12. Programming Languages for Embedded Systems • Assembly language: There are many different microcontroller families, each with their own assembly language with its own unique quirks. This book will cover some basics of assembly language common to most microcontrollers. Unlike desktop app programming, embedded system programs generally must set up an "interrupt vector table". • There are some instances where microcontrollers are better programmed in a different language (BASIC and Forth come to mind) • Some controllers are even programmed in their own proprietary languages (PIC Basic, and Dynamic C for instance). • Python compilers are available for some popular microcontrollers. Pyastra [1] compiles for all Microchip PIC12, PIC14 and PIC16 microcontrollers.

  13. Embedded systems medical and biomedical applications

  14. AUTOCLAVE MACHINE The autoclave carries out that exact function of sterilizing materials. It is a machine that uses pressure and steam to reach and maintain a temperature that is too high for any microorganisms or their spores to live. Microorganisms are what most people commonly refer to as germs. Autoclave comprises of the following things to the programmed to form the Machine: • Sensor e.g temperature, pressure,microswitch and opto isolators. • Electromagnetic Valves. • Electronics switch e.g transistors ,SSR ,thyristor and triac. • Heater e.g dry heater .immersed heater. • chamber.

  15. BABY INCUBATORAn incubator (or isolette) is an apparatus used to maintain environmental conditions suitable for a neonate (newborn baby). It is used in preterm births or for some ill full-term babies. There is additional equipment used to evaluate and treat sick neonates.Baby incubator also has some components need to be programmed to form equipments..Sensors e.g temperature sensor and speed sensor.SSR(Solid State relay)Display screen.

  16. Applications of embedded systems in medical and biomedical field; In the current era, our lives have started to become more and more dependent on ‘embedded systems‘, digital information technology that is embedded in our environment. MRI and CT scanner: This is an example number one in Embedded systems medical applications. Embedded systems are used in MRI and CT scanner which uses radio frequency pulses and x-rays respectively to produce detailed pictures of the parts of your body and the structures inside your body.

  17. Sonography: Embedded systems are also used in sonography, also called ultrasound imaging, which uses high-frequency sound waves to image soft tissues such as muscles and internal organs in real time.

  18. Blood pressure device and glucose test set: Embedded systems are also installed in the blood pressure machines that are efficient in detecting the systolic and diastolic pressure of a human body and in the glucose test set which tests the sugar level of a human body.

  19. Wearable devices that keep a check on your health: Most of the diseases and medical complications happen due to our lifestyles and embedding systems can go a long way in helping us to shape our daily habits and overhaul our lifestyle since nowadays people don’t really have time to go to doctors for their regular check ups. So smart embedded technology based medical devices, which are mostly in the form of wearables, were introduced to provide aid to people who now can be more aware of their personal health as these devices would allow users to monitor their heart rate, blood pressure, glucose, weight and numerous other parameters. One such product which has taken the fitness world by storm is FitBit. It is one of the most advanced examples of embedded systems. It can be worn on hand as a bracelet and it tracks all our health measures such as blood pressure, weight, sleep etc, and help us reach our health and fitness goals. Such users are less likely to develop health problems in the future.

  20. Final point Functioning as a Professional Biomedical Engineer

  21. “Engineers like to solve problems. If there are no problems handily available, they will create their own problems.”― Scott Adams“One man’s “magic” is another man’s engineering. “Supernatural” is a null word.”― Robert A. Heinlein“But remember this, Japanese boy... airplanes are not tools for war. They are not for making money. Airplanes are beautiful dreams. Engineers turn dreams into reality.”― Hayao Miyazaki

  22. Thanks! Contact : 07033190440 mosesfash@gmail.com

  23. Read more https://www.totalphase.com/blog/2017/11/embedded-systems-transformed-healthcare-industry-biomedical-applications-2/ http://microcontrollerslab.com/embedded-systems-medical-applications/ https://en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/Embedded_Systems/Embedded_Systems_Introduction https://stackify.com/popular-programming-languages-2018/ https://www.eetimes.com/author.asp?section_id=36&doc_id=1323907 http://www.klientsolutech.com/why-is-programming-important/ https://www.smeclabs.com/embedded_system_training_cochin.html

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