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Goals for this Module

This module explores the roles and types of parties and interest groups, factors affecting their success, and the impact of the Internet on their traditional roles. It covers reading and writing skills for web content, and emphasizes active participation in lab classes.

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Goals for this Module

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  1. Goals for this Module To understand: roles of parties and interest groups factors that determine the success of different parties or interest groups how the Net has become one of the success factors how the Net may be challenging the role of parties and interest groups

  2. Goals for this Module: Skills Reading: skimming (first/last formula) comprehension quotation analysis Writing: (web guides) writing for the web tone/audience Reminder: Lab class participation is required.

  3. Goals for Today PARTIES What are parties? What are the types of parties and party systems? What role do they play in politics? What determines their success or failure? INTEREST GROUPS What are interest groups? What are the types of interest groups and interest group systems? What role do they play in politics? What determines their success or failure?

  4. Party Systems ORIGINS: voting system one-party authoritarian dominant multiple party systems simple majority ballot leads to two-party systems proportional representation leads to multi-party systems STABILITY

  5. Party Roles reflecting and transmitting preferences forming preferences mobilizing mass involvement in politics

  6. Party Types cadre parties: elite, decentralized generally right-wing or middle-class mass parties centralized, tight knit generally left/labour, working class catch-all parties type of mass party` recruit from a large segment of population, not just 1 class efficient, large voter base

  7. Party Success Measures: popular vote frequency and duration in government Determinants: electoral dilemma strategy and ideology interact modern strategy tends to involve: leadership focus centralized campaign organization money to buy air time

  8. Interest Group Systems Pluralism: politics as struggle between competing groups Interests are given represented through multiple overlapping organizations membership is voluntary The state is seen as either: an arena an interest group itself or as a neutral arbiter

  9. Interest Group Systems Societal corporatism: state institutionalizes interests to harmonize them interest group representation is state-sanctioned, centralized representation aims at harmonization not conflict of interests literature focuses on economic performance benefits e.g. Sweden, Denmark, Germany State corporatism: repressive -- e.g. Chile, Brazil in 20s/30s

  10. Interest Group Types associational institutional nonassociational anomic

  11. Interest Group Roles (1) Shape policy: Distributive policy: individual logrolling regulatory policy: small groups redistributive policy: large groups

  12. Interest Group Roles (2) Mobilization of political interests Roadblock: collective action problems (Olson) “public goods” or “non-excludable goods” “free rider” problem answer: selective incentives, including: coercion pay-offs status, professional connections

  13. Interest Group Success technical conditions social conditions political conditions economic conditions

  14. Discussion

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