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Poetry forms. Ballads. Ballads are poems that tell a story. They are considered to be a form of narrative poetry. They are often used in songs and have a very musical quality to them.
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Ballads • Ballads are poems that tell a story. They are considered to be a form of narrative poetry. They are often used in songs and have a very musical quality to them. • The basic form for ballads is iambic heptameter (seven sets of unstressed, stressed syllables per line), in sets of four, with the second and fourth lines rhyming.
Sonnets • A lyric poem of fourteen lines, following one or another of several set rhyme-schemes. • Topic is usually love.
Italian sonnet • The first, the Italian form, is distinguished by its bipartite division into the octave and the sestet: the octave consisting of a first division of eight lines rhyming • abbaabbaand the sestet, or second division, consisting of six lines rhyming • cdecde, cdccdc, or cdedce.
Shakespearean sonnet • The English (Shakespearean) sonnet, on the other hand, is so different from the Italian (though it grew from that form) as to permit of a separate classification. Instead of the octave and sestet divisions, this sonnet characteristically embodies four divisions: three quatrains (each with a rhyme-scheme of its own) and a rhymed couplet. Thus the typical rhyme-scheme for the English sonnet is • ababcdcdefefgg.
Spenserian sonnet • The Spenserian sonnet combines the Italian and the Shakespearean forms, using three quatrains and a couplet but employing linking rhymes between the quatrains, thus • ababbcbccdcdee.
Villanelle • A short poem of fixed form, written in tercets, usually five in number, followed by a final quatrain, all being based on two rhymes
Sestina • The lines are grouped into six sestets and a concluding tercet. Thus a Sestina has 39 lines. • The six words that end each of the lines of the first stanza are repeated in a different order at the end of lines in each of the subsequent five stanzas. • The repeated words are unrhymed
Sestina continued • The first line of each sestet after the first ends with the same word as the one that ended the last line of the sestet before it. • In the closing tercet, each of the six words are used, with one in the middle of each line and one at the end.
Acrostic • Acrostic Poetry that certain letters, usually the first in each line form a word or message when read in a sequence.
Blank verse • Blank verse -A poem written in unrhymed iambic pentameter and is often unobtrusive. The iambic pentameter form often resembles the rhythms of speech.
Cinquain • Poetry with five lines. Line 1 has one word (the title). Line 2 has two words that describe the title. Line 3 has three words that tell the action. Line 4 has four words that express the feeling, and line 5 has one word which recalls the title.
Elegy • A sad and thoughtful poem about the death of an individual.
Free verse • Poetry written in either rhyme or unrhymed lines that have no set fixed metrical pattern.
Haiku • A Japanese poem composed of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five more, usually containing a season word.
Limerick • A short sometimes vulgar, humorous poem consisting of five anapestic lines. Lines 1, 2, and 5 have seven to ten syllables, rhyme and have the same verbal rhythm. The 3rd and 4th lines have five to seven syllables, rhyme and have the same rhythm.
Pastoral • A poem that depicts rural life in a peaceful, romanticized way.
Rondeau • A lyrical poem of French origin having 10 or 13 lines with two rhymes and with the opening phrase repeated twice as the refrain.
