Practicing Leadership: Principles and Applications

1. Practicing Leadership: Principles and Applications Chapter 5: Psychology I: Intelligence and Personality

2. “Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak; courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen.” Winston Churchill

3. What is Intelligence? • Intelligence - the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new and trying situations; the ability to manipulate one's environment or to think abstractly as measured by objective criteria. • IQ: intelligence quotient- person’s score on a standardized test designed to measure intelligence

4. Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences • Musical Intelligence – ability to understand and create music • Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence – ability to control bodily motions and handle objects skillfully • Spatial Intelligence – ability to think in pictures and recreate it • Interpersonal Intelligence – ability to perceive and understand other individuals • Intrapersonal Intelligence – understanding one’s self • Linguistic Intelligence – a sensitivity to the meaning and order of words • Logical-Mathematic Intelligence – ability in mathematics or other complex logical systems • Naturalistic Intelligence – ability to recognize and classify plants, minerals, and animals

5. Daniel Goleman • Emotional Intelligence – ability to fully understand oneself and to relate well with others. • Emotional Families: Anger Sadness Fear Love Enjoyment Surprise Disgust Shame

6. Costs to Leaders • Loss of followers • Conflict • Absenteeism • Health costs • Lawsuits • Workplace violence • Leader’s job

7. Emotional Intelligence

8. Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence • Intelligence is how well an individual deals with environmental changes • Three parts of Triarchic theory: • Componential sub theory – relates to one’s ability to solve problems using internal mechanisms. • Experiential sub theory – considers how familiar a person is with the test content. • Contextual sub theory – relates to the relevance of the test content to the individual taking the test.

9. Personality • Personality – The particular way an individual affects others and understands him or herself. • Nature versus Nurture Debate – The debate over to what degree personality characteristics and traits are affected by one's genetics (nature) and environment (nurture).

10. Attitudes The Components of Attitudes

11. Attitudes, Perceptions, and Attributions • Social Perceptions – impressions of people who are different from us. • Stereotyping – fixed impressions, exaggerated or preconceived ideas about particular groups, usually based solely on physical appearance. • Selective Perceptions – refers to any number of cognitive biases in psychology related to the way expectations affect perception. • Perceptual defense – occurs when persons distort or deny information that is too difficult to acknowledge as true. • Attribution – assigning some quality or character to a person or thing.