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Tobacco

Tobacco. Chapter 10. Outline . Tobacco Substances in Tobacco Tobacco Products Effects of Smoking Special Health Risks Benefits of Quitting Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Quitting and Treatment Options. Tobacco. Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S.

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Tobacco

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  1. Tobacco Chapter 10

  2. Outline • Tobacco • Substances in Tobacco • Tobacco Products • Effects of Smoking • Special Health Risks • Benefits of Quitting • Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) • Quitting and Treatment Options

  3. Tobacco • Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. • 1 in 5 Americans smoke • Nearly 4,000 young people under the age of 18 start smoking every day • Smoking is more prevalent among: • Men than women • College students than the rest of the population • Caucasians than African Americans, Hispanics, or Asian Americans • The highest rate of smoking occurs among Native Americans

  4. Substances in Tobacco • 70% of the 1000s of substances produced by burning tobacco leaves are carcinogenic • Three most harmful: • Tar: Thick, sticky residue • Coats the smokers lungs and creates environment conducive to cancerous growth • Carbon Monoxide: Odorless gas • Interferes with ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen • Nicotine: Primary addictive ingredient; Both a poison and a psychoactive drug • Causes a stimulant effect and release of endorphins (that block pain and produce mild sensations of pleasure) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxK5WufZTu4&feature=related

  5. Tobacco Products • Cigarettes - 95% of the tobacco market • Clove and fruit flavored cigarettes were banned in 2009 • E-cigarettes • Cigars • Pipes • Hookahs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-jQrbQUIUo

  6. Tobacco Products • Smokeless Tobacco • Snuff • Powdered form of tobacco that can be inhaled through the nose or placed between lip and mouth • Chewing tobacco (Placed between cheek and gum) • Contains at least 28 carcinogens • 2-3x greater nicotine than delivered by cigarettes

  7. Why Do People Smoke? • Nicotine Addiction • Increases the release of dopamine increasing feelings of pleasure and a desire to repeat the experience • More than 2/3 of smokers who attempt to quit relapse within two days due to withdrawal symptoms • Behavioral Dependence • Weight Control • Nicotine suppresses appetite and slightly increases BMR • Tobacco Marketing and Advertising • Every day 4,600 smokers either quit smoking or die • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCMzjJjuxQI&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NAExoSozc2c

  8. Short-Term Effects of Smoking

  9. Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Cardiovascular Disease • 1 pack/day increases risk by 3x • Cancer • 30% of all cancer deaths • 87% of all lung cancer deaths • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Emphysema • Chronic Bronchitis • Asthma • Other Health Effects: • Pre-mature skin wrinkling • Increased surgical risk • Infertility • Sexual dysfunction • Periodontal disease • Ulcers • Osteoporosis • Cataracts

  10. Special Health Risks For Women For Men • More vulnerable to the addictive properties of nicotine • Lung cancer • Heart disease • Fertility problems • Menstrual disorders • Early menopause • Smoking & Pregnancy • Miscarriage, stillbirths, preterm delivery, & low birth rate • Increased risk of cancers of mouth, throat, esophagus • Sexual Function Problems • Impotence • Fertility Problems • Reduced sperm motility, number, and viability of sperm

  11. Benefits of Quitting • Health benefits begin immediately and become more significant the longer the individual stays smoke free • Within 20 minutes blood pressure and pulse rate decreases • Within 12 hours, carbon monoxide levels in the blood drop and oxygen levels return to normal • Within 72 hours, lung functioning increases up to 30% • Within 1 year, the risk of heart attack and coronary artery disease is reduced in half • Within 5 years, the risk of dying from heart disease and stroke approaches that of non-smokers

  12. Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) • Secondhand smoke (passive smoke) • 30 minutes of daily secondhand smoke causes heart damage similar to that of a habitual smoker • People exposed daily to secondhand smoke have a 30% higher rate of death and disease • Infants and children are especially vulnerable to the effects of ETS • Smoking in cars with children • Banned in CA, AR, LA

  13. Quitting and Treatment Options • Treatment Programs • 20-40% of smokers who enter good treatment programs are able to quit for at least a year • Medications • Nicotine replacement therapy • Prescription drugs • Quitting on your own • Behavior Change Plan • Record and analyze your smoking behavior patterns • Establish goals • Prepare to quit • Implement your plan • Prevent relapse

  14. For Next Time: • Chapter 11 Drugs

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