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Polarity Notes

Polarity Notes. February 5, 2014. Students will be able to define and identify: B ond polarity and overall molecular polarity I ntermolecular forces. Lewis/Polarity/IMF/Geometry Lab Video of the day: The Big Three Methane Water Ammonia. Introduction : Polarity.

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Polarity Notes

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  1. Polarity Notes

  2. February 5, 2014 • Students will be able to define and identify: • Bond polarity and overall molecular polarity • Intermolecular forces. • Lewis/Polarity/IMF/Geometry Lab • Video of the day: The Big Three • Methane • Water • Ammonia

  3. Introduction: Polarity • Polarity is a concentration of charge on one side of a bond • Some molecules have negative or positive poles, like magnets

  4. Individual bond polarity • Polarity is determined by electronegativity difference • To draw individual bond polarity: • Compare: Only two atoms at a time • The more electronegative atom attractselectrons more • Draw arrow towards the more electronegative atom

  5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_M9khs87xQ8

  6. Review: Electronegativity • Electronegativity is the measure of how well an atom in a bond attracts electrons • Electronegativity increases up and right across the periodic table

  7. Overall Polarity Are there lone pairs on the center atom? No Yes Polar Are the peripheral (outer) atoms different? No Yes Polar Nonpolar

  8. Bond Polarity Examples Cl2 • Cl has the same electronegativity as Cl. We cannot draw an arrow to show polarity. • The molecule is nonpolar.

  9. Polarity Examples • CH3I • C has a higher electronegativity than H. We draw arrows from each H towards C. • I has a higher electronegativity than C. We draw an arrow from C towards I. • There are no lone pairs around the central atom and the outer atoms are different. The molecule is POLAR.

  10. Polarity Examples • CH2O • C has a higher electronegativity than H. We draw arrows from each H towards C. • O has a higher electronegativity than C. We draw an arrow from C towards O. • There are no lone pairs around the central atom and the outer atoms are different. The molecule is POLAR.

  11. Polarity Examples • O3 • O has the same electronegativity as O. We cannot draw arrows to show polarity. • The central atom has a lone pair, so the molecule is polar.

  12. Polarity Examples • PF3 • F is more electronegative than P. We draw an arrow from P to each of the fluorine atoms. • The central atom has a lone pair, so the molecule is polar.

  13. Polarity Examples • NH4+ • N is more electronegative than H. We draw an arrow from each H towards N. • The central atom doesn’t have a lone pair, and the outer atoms are the same so the molecule is nonpolar.

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