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The Skeletal System a network of 206 bones

The Skeletal System a network of 206 bones. Function of Skeletal System. Shape and support Enables you to move Produces blood cells Provides attachment surfaces for muscles Protects internal organs Ribs protect lungs, heart, and kidneys Sternum protects the heart

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The Skeletal System a network of 206 bones

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  1. The Skeletal Systema network of 206 bones

  2. Function of Skeletal System • Shape and support • Enables you to move • Produces blood cells • Provides attachment surfaces for muscles • Protects internal organs • Ribs protect lungs, heart, and kidneys • Sternum protects the heart • Pelvis protects the bladder, intestine, and reproductive organs • Cranium protects the brain

  3. Types of Skeletons • ENDOSKELETON – an internal skeleton that grows with the organism and is made of bones and cartilage • Mammals • Birds • Reptiles • Amphibians • EXOSKELETON – external skeleton that is usually shed as the organism grows. If not, it limits the organisms size. It is usually made of chitin.

  4. Disorders/Diseases • Arthritis – inflammation of one or more joints • Osteoporosis – a loss of bone tissue leaving bones brittle and easily broken • Osteoma – a benign bone tumor • Osteosarcoma – a malignant bone tumor

  5. Components Bone – rigid support tissue with calcium salts deposits Osteoclasts – break down bone Osteoblasts – build bone 4. Bone Marrow – tissue found inside bones a. Red Marrow – produces white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets b. Yellow Marrow – made of fat that replaces red marrow as person ages 5. Cartilage – a dense tissue that is found where bones meet a. cushion and prevents bones from grinding together b. Can withstand high pressure

  6. Cross Section of Bone Red Marrow

  7. Joints - Area where two or more bones meet • Fixed Joint (immovable joint) – the bones are “locked together” as in the skull • Ball and Socket Joint (freely moving joint) – always involves at least one long bone, the hip and shoulder • Hinge Joint (freely moving joint) – allows angular movement, elbow and knee. • Saddle Joint (freely moving joint) – surface of bones that meet are saddle shaped, thumb • Pivot Joint (freely moving joint) – allows for rotational (circular) movement, vertebrae at base of skull • Tendons are bone to muscle and ligaments are bone to bone.

  8. Types of Bones • Long bones (cylinder shaped) – femur, humerus, and fingers • Short bones (cube shaped) – wrist, ankle, and foot • Flat bones – skull • Irregular bones – ear, facial, and vertebrae

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