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Re-thinking the Cultural Policy of Israel for the 21 st Century

Re-thinking the Cultural Policy of Israel for the 21 st Century. Robert Palmer. Why Re-think ?. European and Global Cultural Trends. The Economy Different Economies Perform Differently. Restructuring of Public Spending. Impacts on many budgets – including culture.

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Re-thinking the Cultural Policy of Israel for the 21 st Century

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  1. Re-thinking the Cultural Policy of Israel for the 21st Century Robert Palmer

  2. WhyRe-think?

  3. European and Global Cultural Trends

  4. The EconomyDifferent Economies Perform Differently

  5. Restructuring of Public Spending

  6. Impacts on many budgets – including culture

  7. Some countries have completelyrevised cultural policystimulated by the financialcuts and changes to governmentpolicy United Kingdom (Arts Council, England) • New governmentpriorities • 25% cut in budget for culture • No longer a policy of « equalmisery for all » • Shift in rolefrom‘funder’ to ‘developer, advocate, criticalfriend and advice service’ • Providing ‘sensitive support to allow arts organisations and artists to fulfilltheirpotential’

  8. Goals • Talent and Artistic Excellence: establish a coherent nation-wideapproach to the development of artistic talent, especially for emerging and mid-careerartists. • More People Inspired by the Arts: more opportunities for thosewith least engagement, strengthen distribution, attracting new audiences • Sustainable, Resilient and Innovative Arts: promoting collaboration, strengthening business and financialmodels

  9. 4. Arts Leadership: improve leadership skills and develop new leaders 5. Children: Everychild has the opportunity to experience the arts, and raising standards of arts education

  10. Evaluatedevery single arts organisation againstthese goals • All given one year to reviewtheir plans • Everyexisting organisation evaluated • New organisations couldapply • Result: 1330 organisations applied for funding 638 rejected (mostlyexisting institutions) 110 new organisations supported Fewersymphonyorchestras and theatres National Theatre, Royal Opera House, Royal Shakespeare Companyeachcutby11% Somecompaniesincreased by 60%-80%

  11. Israel has not suffered the extent of budget cuts as European countries

  12. DoesIsraelneed to wait for a crisisbeforeit changes cultural priorities?

  13. The 20th Century ( Western Europe) 1950’s – 60’s : post war reconstruction, rebuildingnationhood and national cultural symbols, reassertingidentities, cultural diplomacy and exchange 1960’s – 70’s : democratisation of culture, new movements, expansion of cultural infrastructure, welfare state mentality 1980’s – 90’s : neo-liberalpolicies, market value, economic impact of arts, arts as investment, cultural industries and the creativeeconomy

  14. ExpandedMeanings of Culture?Arts Policies are not Cultural Policies Whatis Culture? The Right to Cultural Life?

  15. UniversalDeclaration of HumanRights: Article 15 (paragraph 1) « The right of everyone to take part in cultural life » The expression « cultural life » is an explicit reference to culture as a living process, historical. dynamicand evolving, with a past, a present and a future. Culture is an interactive process

  16. The right to take part in cultural lifeThe right not to take part in cultural lifeThe right to define and decideone’sown culture

  17. Whatis Culture? « Culture encompasses, inter alia, ways of life, language, oral and writtenliterature, music and song, non-verbal communication, religion or beliefsystems, rites and ceremonies, sport and games, methods 0of production or technology, natural and man-made environments, food, clothing an shelter, and the arts, customs and traditions throughwhichindividuals, groups of individuals and communitiesexpresstheirhumanity and the meaningtheygive to their existence, and buildtheir world viewrepresentingtheirencounterwityh the external forces affectingtheirlives » (United Nations)

  18. Culture: A Shift of Meaning and Purpose A way of life, a system of beliefs, a set of values A practice (performing arts, visual arts, literary arts) An industry (cultural industries) An economy (the creativeeconomy)

  19. Culture is a system

  20. Culture is an Ecology

  21. Weshouldunderstand the system and the ecologybeforewestartmaking changes to it

  22. Analysis: New Forms of Cultural Resource Mapping

  23. Macro Shifts in the Cultural System • LiquidModernity • Culture of Risk • Networked Society

  24. LiquidModernity (ZygmutBauman, Scott Lash) • Classic structures are changing • Distinctions between high culture and popular culture are blurring • Increasedderegulation and privatisation

  25. Culture of Risk (Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens) • Technicaladvances • Economic and cultural globalisation • New models of centres and peripheries • Democratic distribution

  26. Networked Society (Manuel Castells, Jan Van Dijk) • Networks are basic units of societies • Goes beyondtechnology and information • Power foundwithininterlinked networks and knowledgecommunities

  27. ChangingRole of the State

  28. New Relationships: State, Market, Civil Society

  29. State moves from « Controller » to « Mediator and Facilitator » of Culture

  30. State as a strategicpartner, workingwith the cultural community and the market to strengthen the entire cultural system

  31. AnotherTrend:Decentralised Cultural Policy – Cities not States are the Motors

  32. City Cultural Strategies

  33. Need for coherencebetween state and municipal cultural policies and priorities

  34. Another Trend: Global Cultural Explosion

  35. Technological ExplosionGrowing up Digital

  36. Mobile Devices

  37. New Patterns of Communication

  38. Social Media

  39. Crowdfunding portals raise $3 billion

  40. Another trend: New Patterns of Consumption

  41. Pro-sumption Consumers are also producers Consumers are “co-creators” Consumers are active Producers consume what they themselves have created Harnessing the power of prosumer communities

  42. Music

  43. Impact of Gaming

  44. Gaming in Israel • Gaming in Israelis a $450 million business • Manycompanies in the global gaming market ( Funtactix, Plarium, Nordau, Side-Kick) Is Gaming a Cultural Activity?

  45. Reading

  46. Film • Over I billion unique users visit YouTube each month • Over 6 billion hours of video are watched each month on YouTube • 100 hours of video are uploaded to YouTube every minute • 80% of YouTube traffic comes from outside the US • YouTube is localized in 61 countries and across 61 languages • In 2012 YouTube had more than 1 trillion views or around 140 views for every person on Earth

  47. Culture in its own terms is changing.Forms of artistic expression are changing.

  48. Twitter

  49. Twitterature (Literature)

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