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Proddage Generic Material

Proddage Generic Material. Types of Navigation. Celestial The use of the stars, sun and time to calculate positions Radio Navigation Land based e.g. Loran C Satellite Based e.g. GPS. History of Satellite Navigation. TRANSIT / TSIKADA DNSS Timation System 621B NAVSTAR GPS GLONASS. GPS.

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Proddage Generic Material

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  1. Proddage Generic Material

  2. Types of Navigation • Celestial • The use of the stars, sun and time to calculate positions • Radio Navigation • Land based e.g. Loran C • Satellite Based e.g. GPS

  3. History of Satellite Navigation • TRANSIT / TSIKADA • DNSS • Timation • System 621B • NAVSTAR GPS • GLONASS

  4. GPS • Multiple series of satellites provide the current constellation • Newer satellites have better clocks and are able to continue operating automatically without contact from the ground stations • Continual replenishment of the satellites is ongoing

  5. GPS Current Status • Full constellation in operation • Continuing replenishment of old satellites • Some satellites have lasted well outside of their design life

  6. GLONASS • Russian global satellite navigation system • Very similar to GPS concept • Full Constellation expected in 2007

  7. GLONASS Current Status • GLONASS programme to continue • Replenishment of satellites is underway • Future of the system is assured for military and civilian purposes

  8. GPS / GLONASS Initial Design Differences

  9. Current Use of Satellite Navigation • Markets • Aviation • Maritime • Road • Rail • LBS • Professional

  10. Space Based Augmentation Systems

  11. Space Based Augmentation Systems WAAS EGNOS MSAS

  12. Europe - EGNOS

  13. US - WAAS • Designed for Aviation Industry • Enhanced Accuracy, Integrity and Continuity • Initial Operating Capability (IOC) July 2003

  14. Japanese MSAS

  15. India - GAGAN • GPS and GEO Augmented Navigation • 1 Geostationary Satellite • India based GroundReference Stations • Interoperability with EGNOS, MSAS & WAAS

  16. EGNOS

  17. EGNOS • ESA • System Design • Development • Qualification & Technical Validation • European Commission • Land User Requirements • Satellite Communications • User Equipment • EUROCONTROL • Civil Aviation Requirements • Operational Testing and Validation

  18. EGNOS Programme & Schedule

  19. EGNOS System Architecture Satellites: Geostationary, GPS & GLONASS 7 NLES 4 MCC 34 RIMS Users

  20. EGNOS Ground Segment MCC RIMS NLES

  21. EGNOS Measured Accuracies (Sept 5 2004) • Recorded over a 24h period • Less than 1m horizontal accuracies recorded • Vertical accuracies of 1-2m (well below the 7.6m specification

  22. EGNOS Projects

  23. EGNOS SISNeT

  24. EGNOS Message Server • 24h/24h Archive of EGNOS Messages • Broadcast messages are stored in hourly text files • New Possibilities • Evaluation of EGNOS performance • Assessment of EGNOS at IGS Sites • Able to post process data with conventional GPS receivers • Test EGNOS enabled receivers

  25. EGNOS Data Access Service

  26. EGNOS - Extensions • Initial MRD developed in 1998 • New Developments in the GNSS Industry • Galileo • GPS Modernisation • New Signals • Launch of WAAS • EGNOS V2 Concept Developed

  27. EGNOS Evolution Plans • Three EGNOS Versions conceived in 2005-2008 Step 1 Step 2 EGNOS v2.1 End 2006 EGNOS products over non-GEO data links (INSPIRE) Extension to MEDA and East of Europe Message Type 02 Extension EGNOS v2.2 End 2007 EGNOS MT 28 Extension in Africa Modernised RIMS receivers SAR return link EGNOS v2.3 End 2008 L5 standards and L5 GEO broadcast L1/L5/Galileo enhanced RIMS receivers

  28. EGNOS & Galileo • First steps for Europe in the field of satellite navigation • Precursor to Galileo • Allows early application development • Testing of prototype business models and concepts

  29. Local Elements

  30. Differential GNSS

  31. IALA DGNSS Performance

  32. RTK GNSS

  33. Assisted GNSS

  34. Limitations and Issues with GNSS

  35. Shortfalls & Limitations • Interference • Jamming • Accuracy • Integrity • Availability • Multipath • Power

  36. Technical Issues • Geometry • Current Systems • Galileo Good Geometry Bad Geometry

  37. Operational Issues • Availability • Blocked Signals • Urban Areas • Trees • Underground • Continuity

  38. Safety Issues • Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) • Ground Integrity Channel (GIC) • Backup Systems • Common Mode

  39. Regulatory Issues • Applied for GNSS use in safety applications • MUSSST Study • Methods to authorise for operational use • Specification of validation procedures • Safety case approach

  40. Legal Issues • Privacy Concerns • Data Protection • Evidence • Time Stamping

  41. Other Positioning Methods

  42. Other Positioning Methods & Enhancements • Other methods of positioning that can be combined with GNSS are as follows: • Pseudolites • Terrestrial Radio Navigation • Mobile Telecommunication Positioning • Other Sensors

  43. Pseudolites • Ground Based “Satellites” • GPS-like signals • Provide additional ranges to enhance positioning in difficult operating environments

  44. eLoran (Terrestrial System) • Alternative Positioning method to GPS • eLoran incorporates the latest: • Receiver • Antenna • Transmission Technology • Enhanced systems can now provide accuracies of 8-20m

  45. Mobile Phone Positioning • For use in the provision of Location Based Services • Network Based Solutions • PDE • Angle of Arrival • Time of Arrival • Handset Based Techniques • SIM • E-OTD

  46. Other Systems • Gyrocompass • Inertial Measurement Units • Magnetometers • Digital Map • Digital Elevation Model • Radar etc.

  47. Future Systems

  48. GPS III • Enhance the overall GPS system • Continuing development in response to military and civilian needs • Enhanced Anti-Jam Capabilities • Improved security, accuracy and reliability

  49. Future GLONASS • GLONASS K • Integrity • Search and Rescue • Modernisation of Russian Geodetic Network • India may become a partner in the future of the GLONASS programme

  50. QZSS • QZSS will bring “Value added services for mobile users by combining communications, broadcasting, and positioning. Nationwide coverage is available since the QZSS is directly overhead.“

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