Life Cycle of Water

1. NSF Grant # 0653291 NSF Grant # 0653277 Life Cycle of Water Bernie Reyna I Civil engineering I San Diego State University I berniereyna@yahoo.com Dana Long | Architectural engineering | San Diego City College | 2danalong@gmail.com Eddie Harmes I Mechanical engineering I San Diego City College I ed_harmes@hotmail.com Veronica Gonzalez I Environmental engineering I San Diego Sate University I vgonzales157@yahoo.com, INTRODUCTION For over 90 years, Kennedy/Jenks Consultants has pioneered, developed, and implemented water, recycled water, and wastewater solutions for their clients and the communities they serve. Malcolm Pirnie, the Water Division of Arcadis, has more than a century-long history of consulting with a strong concentration on water and the environment. MWH Global is one of the leaders in the wet infrastructure sector with technical expertise spanning from water sourcing and wastewater treatment, through environment and natural resources services. Suburban Water Systems is a private water utility company that serves 300,000 customers in Los Angeles county. It is the intent of Suburban water systems to provide reliable domestic water services to its customers. This summer internship provided an opportunity to gain firsthand experience in the various developmental phases that take place for an engineering project: Eddie assisted MWH Global with designs for a dam upgrade; Veronica ventured out with Malcolm Pirnie to analyze the different phases of water treatment; Dana worked with Suburban Water Systems with the practical aspects of water distribution; and Bernie assisted Kennedy/Jenks Consultants in the design and quality assurance of the San Marcos Interceptor Replacement. • METHODS • San Vicente Dam Upgrade • Reservoir storage capacity upgrade: • Excavated foundation, filled foundation crevices with concrete, prepared face of existing dam to create good bonding surface for new concrete. • Replace pipeline • Site restoration Upper left: Chemical addition rapid mix. Above: Ozonation tank. Left: Mixing instrument inside coagulation and flocculation tank. Further Left: Coagulation and flocculation. Upper Left: San Marcos Interceptor Replacement plan. Lower right: Geotechnical test Boring. Lower left: East of Johnson Lane. • San Marcos Interceptor Replacement • Evaluation ofvarious alignments • Selection of pipe materials • Trenchless construction methods assessment • Determination of required easements • Minimization of environmental impact though alignment selection and construction methodology • RESULTS • San Vicente Dam Upgrade • The San Vicente Dam currently stands at 220 feet and can store up to 90,000 acre feet of water. The dam raise project will increase the height of the dam by 117 feet – the tallest dam raise in the United States and the tallest type in the world. The raised dam will store an additional 152,000 acre feet of water, more than doubling the capacity of the reservoir. • Surface Water Treatment • Through the various treatment processes the water becomes potable and should meet the standards for domestic purposes according to the California Department of Public Health. • Distribution of Water • For the result, the designs for the project will incorporate specified pumps, pipe materials and sizes which correspond to the pressure in different zones. From an engineering perspective, the water distribution system operates according to its cost, performance efficiency and the method in which the public is provided with water. • San Marcos Interceptor Replacement • Replacement of the San Marcos Interceptor will • improve the reliability ofthe system and reduce inflow & infiltration into the system • and businesses in that area. • Reduction of the inflow & infiltration will also improve the sewer system capacity • Overall Result • Being that water is an important resource to everyone, these companies strive to deliver sustainable solutions to make water an accessible resource. These four projects outline the key phases that water goes through for consumption. • CONCLUSIONS • From this opportunity we established • communication with industry professionals. • It gave us insight into and exposed us to the daily • tasks of real world problems in the field we are • pursuing or one closely related to it. • We obtained new knowledge, and we had the • opportunity to produce solutions using our own • experience and applying our academic • knowledge. • We became aware of the developmental • processes for a project to take shape. • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • We would like to thank the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the MESA program for providing us this great opportunity, as well as Kennedy/Jenks Consultants, Malcolm Pirnie, MWH Global and Suburban Water Systems for taking us under their wing and guiding with us their knowledge and wisdom. Special thanks to Angeline Yang, internship mentors Kathy Haynes, Jorge Lopez, Allison Rodieck, Rick Kennedy and Peggy Umphres. • Distribution of Water • The distribution of water is mainly dependent • upon elevation. • Different elevations make up different “zones” • where water can be distributed. Schematic diagram of a water distribution system. • A water distribution system consists of: • Wells/Aquifers: Underground water. • Reservoirs: Provides a means for water to • be stored. • Pumps: Lift water into higher elevations. • Pipelines: A system of pipes used to • distribute water to customers. Top left: Scenic view of the dam. Top right: View of the excavated top portion of the dam. Bottom left and right: Construction taken place. Water Treatment Process Water reserved in dams is called surface water, which is contaminated. In order for surface water to be potable it goes through various treatment processes. The diagram below shows the different treatment cycles that surface water undergoes: Photo of a magnetic flow meter. The meter keeps track of the water being distributed in gallons per minute (GPM). Dana surveying land at reservoir project site 119. • PURPOSE • To better understand our fields by looking • at real-world engineering problems. • To apply our knowledge in the sciences to • produce solutions in a professional • setting. • To learn the daily tasks of industry • professionals by shadowing them on • various projects. • To self-evaluate our strengths and • weaknesses so that we can improve and • build on them. Digital readings of how much water are in tanks and the amount of flow in GPM, and pressure produced. The above photo is the inside of a reservoir at Plant site 129, taken when it was in the process of rehabilitated. Above photo: The San Vicente Dam