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Approach to rare earths issues

Approach to rare earths issues. Tetsuichi Takagi Leader, Mineral Resources Research Group, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. What is “Rare Earths” ?. Rare Metals. Rare Earths. Examples of Global Supply Chain (1).

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Approach to rare earths issues

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  1. Approach to rare earthsissues Tetsuichi Takagi Leader, Mineral Resources Research Group, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

  2. What is “Rare Earths” ? Rare Metals Rare Earths

  3. Examples of Global Supply Chain (1) • The supply chain is integrated on a global scale. Personal Computer China Japan U.S. Abrasives Hard disk drives Hard disk platters Personal Computers Rare earth - Cerium oxide Exhaust Gas Catalysts Worldwide Japan & EU Catalyst material 3-way catalysts Catalytic converters Automobiles Rare earth - Cerium carbonate Optical Glass Japan Glass material Optical glass Digital Cameras Rare earths - Lanthanum oxide

  4. Examples of Global Supply Chain (2) Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalyst Oil refineries Catalyst material FCC catalyst Permanent Magnets Automobiles Hard disk drives Japan Rare earths - Lanthanum oxide - Cerium chloride Magnet alloy Permanent magnets Motors Magnet material Rare earths -Dysprosium metal - Neodymium metal - Samarium metal Wind-power generation Phosphor Flat Panel Displays CCFL (Cold-cathode fluorescent lamps) Phosphor material Phosphor Rare earths Yttrium oxide Europium oxide Terbium oxide Fluorescent lights

  5. Current Situation on Rare Earths Global Deposits Global Production Mineral Commodity Summaries2013 Mineral Commodity Summaries2013

  6. Rare Earths Demand Trends in the World • The demand for rare earths is expected to increase due to the popularization of hybrid vehicles, electricvehicles and wind-power generation. （million） New cars’ Sales Trend in the world Supply Next-generation Vehicles （without HEV） HEV Conventional vehicles （year） （IEAEnergy Technology Perspectives 2010） (Industrial Minerals Company of Australia)

  7. The prices of Rare Earths (Asian Metal)

  8. Measures for Consuming Countries • Rare earths consuming countries need to take the following measures, “ABCD+R”. Alternatives : use substitute materials Broader international cooperation Conservation : Reducing resource use Diversifying supply sources Recycling

  9. Policy Packages to Secure Rare Earths FY 2010 *1USD = 100JPY 1. Development of substitute materials and technologies to reduce resource use AC US$120 million 2. Promotion of introducing manufacturing facilities to reduce resource use and use of substitute materials AC R US$420 million 3. Diversifying supply sources of rare earths and other scarce resources D US$460million FY 2011 1. Development of substitute materials and technologies to reduce resource use AC US$85million FY 2012 1. Development of substitute materials and technologies to reduce resource use AC US$3million

  10. Global Rare Earths Projects Diversifying supply sources Dong Pao (Vietnam) -Toyota Tsusho Corporation - Sojitz Corporation Mountain Pass(U.S.) Molycorp Corporation. Orissa (India) -Toyota Tsusho Corporation - Indian Rare Earths Mt. Weld (Australia) Lynas Corporation Ltd.

  11. 平成２４・２５年度通常予算を活用したレアアース・レアメタル対策平成２４・２５年度通常予算を活用したレアアース・レアメタル対策 Policy Packages to Secure Rare Earths andOther Scarce Resources 2013 FY 2013 AC Development Rare Earth Free Motors US$30million As the first project of “the future development research system※”, they develop the Rare Earth Free Magnets through the industry-university-public cooperation. As for the motors, they design and product trial manufactures to develop the motors which can reduce a energy-loss by 25%. ※ the future development research system；Japan promotes the project which need more than 10 years to turn to practical use. Development of substitute materials and technologies to reduce resource use A R US$8.2million Establishment of the sustainable recycle route and technology of dismantling. Recycle the motors for air-conditioners and vehicles.

  12. Conclusions • It is expected that demand for rareearths will increase with the popularization of hybrid electric vehicles, electric vehicles, wind power generators, etc. • It is important to share the correct understanding of the effects of rare earths issues on global industries throughout the supply chain. • We need to achieve the sustainable Rare Earths industrial world for not only consuming countries but also resource countries through bilateral cooperation. Whole world should be blessed with Rare Earths.

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