CHE 185 PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

Mar 07, 2013

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METHODS TO IMPROVE BASIC PID CONTROL. APPLIED WHEN THE STANDARD PID DESIGN IS NOT DOES NOT PROVIDE ADEQUATE CONTROLMETHODOLOGYADDITIONAL MEASURES OF PROCESS OUTPUTSADDITIONAL MEASURES OF PROCESS INPUTSEXPLICIT MODELS IN THE CONTROL CALCULATIONMODIFY THE PID ALGORITHM AND TUNING TO MEET CONTROL

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CHE 185 PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

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CHE 185 PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

STRUCTURE OF BATCH CONTROL. THE BATCH RECIPE IS KNOWN AS STRUCTURED BATCH LOGIC IT CAN BE A RECIPE TO PROGRAM AN ENTIRE CYCLE OF OPERATIONIT CAN BE A RECIPE FOR A SINGLE STEPIT IS NORMALLY IMPLEMENTED USING A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER. STRUCTURE OF BATCH CONTROL. THE ACTUAL PROGRAM IS DESIGNE

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. CONTROL OBJECTIVES. CATEGORIES OF OBJECTIVES. PROCESS OBJECTIVES QUANTITY MEET PRODUCTION TARGETS OPERATE AT CONSTANT LEVELS QUALITY ALL PRODUCT TO MEET MINIMUM CRITERIA MINIMIZE PRODUCTION OF OFF-SPEC OR BYPRODUCT COMPONENTS.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. ELEMENTS FOR OPERATION, OPTIMIZATION AND SAFETY. TEMPERATURE SENSING DEVICES. A GOOD GENERAL REFERENCE IS AT http://www.temperatures.com/sensors.html

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. DCS AND PLC FUNDAMENTALS. Pneumatic Controller Installation. DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS. OPERATING OBJECTIVES INCLUDE PROCESS AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL MAY BE DESCRIBED AS SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION (SCADA) SYSTEMS

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. CONTROL OF BATCH PROCESSES. STRUCTURE OF BATCH CONTROL. THE BATCH RECIPE IS KNOWN AS STRUCTURED BATCH LOGIC IT CAN BE A RECIPE TO PROGRAM AN ENTIRE CYCLE OF OPERATION IT CAN BE A RECIPE FOR A SINGLE STEP

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. AN INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL (SPC ). STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL. A METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT BASED ON PROCESS OPTIMIZATION AND PRODUCT QUALITY . OPTIMIZATION VARIABLES. WHAT SHOULD BE IMPROVED?

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. TUNING FOR PID CONTROL LOOPS. Controller Tuning. Involves selection of the proper values of K c , τ I , and τ D . Affects control performance. Affects controller reliability

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. PID ENHANCEMENTS. Limitations of Convential PID Controllers. The performance of PID controllers can be substantially limited by: Process nonlinearity Measurement deadtime Process constraints

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. DYNAMICS OF SPECIFIC TYPES OF PROCESSES. INTEGRATING PROCESSES. A FIRST ORDER PROCESS WITH CAPACITANCE TYPICAL PROCESS IS THE LEVEL IN A TANK. INTEGRATING PROCESSES. THE HOLDUP TIME IN THIS UNIT IS DEFINED AS τ H

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. WORKSHOP 3. P-Only Control of Jacketed Reactor Temperature. Objective To design and test a P-Only controller for tracking changes in set point and rejecting disturbances. Also, to explore how controller gain impacts P-Only performance. P&ID FOR WORKSHOP.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. Dynamic Behavior of Ideal Systems. Ideal Dynamic Behavior. Idealized dynamic behavior can be effectively used to qualitatively describe the behavior of industrial processes.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. PID CONTROLLER FUNDAMENTALS. CLOSED LOOP COMPONENTS. GENERAL DEFINITIONS OPEN LOOPS ARE MANUAL CONTROL FEEDBACK LOOPS ARE CLOSED EXAMPLE P&ID FOR FEEDBACK CONTROL LOOP. CLOSED LOOP COMPONENTS.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. PID Control Applied to MIMO Processes. PID FOR MULTIPLE INPUT/MULTIPLE OUTPUT (MIMO) SYTEMS. COMPARISON BETWEEN CENTRALIZED AND DECENTRALIZED CONTROL

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. SECOND AND HIGHER ORDER PROCESSES. SECOND ORDER PROCESSES CHARACTERIZATION. CAN RESULT FROM TWO FIRST ORDER OR ONE SECOND ORDER ODE GENERAL FORM OF THE SECOND ORDER EQUATION AND THE ASSOCIATED TRANSFER FUNCTION. characteristic equation.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. OPTIMIZATION AND PRIMARY LOOP ELEMENTS. TYPES OF CONTROL. OPTIMIZATION INTENTION IS TO GET THE “BEST” ECONOMIC/QUALITY CONDITIONS CONTROL IS THE MORE GENERAL FORM OF RESPONDING TO CHANGE. Control & optimization. For a bioreactor.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. WORKSHOP 1. Motivation and Terminology of Automatic Process Control. All material from Control Station Knowledge Base http://www.controlstation.com/page/86-knowledge-base House heating example . Motivation and Terminology of Automatic Process Control.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS. Frequency Response Analysis. Is the response of a process to a sinusoidal input Considers the effect of the time scale of the input. Important for understanding the propagation of variability through a process.

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. PID CHARACTERISTICS AND SIGNAL FILTERING. DIGITAL VERSIONS OF THE PID ALGORITHM. CONTROLLER ACTION - DIRECT AND REVERSE A COMBINATION OF PROCESS GAIN AND THE TYPE OF ACTUATOR USED. PROCESS GAIN IS A PROCESS CHARACTERISTIC. WHEN PROCESS GAIN IS NEGATIVE:

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. State Space Models. Block Diagram Algebra. THE SEQUENCE OF SIGNAL PROCESSING IN A CONTROL LOOP CAN BE EXPRESSED IN BLOCK DIAGRAMS. BLOCK DIAGRAM ADVANTAGES EACH STEP IN THE PROCESS IS RETAINED AND CAN BE ADJUSTED INDEPENDENTLY

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. CONTROL LOOP ANALYSIS. METHODS TO FIELD TUNE. FAST-RESPONSE CONTROL LOOPS THESE SYSTEMS CAN BE TUNED TO PROPORTIONAL ONLY TO OBTAIN DATA TO OPTIMIZE THE VALUE FOR K c AT QAD (Quarter amplitude damping).

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. DYNAMIC MODELING FUNDAMENTALS. DYNAMIC MODELING. PROCESSES ARE DESIGNED FOR STEADY STATE, BUT ALL EXPERIENCE SOME DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR. THE REASON FOR MODELING THIS B EHAVIOR IS TO DETERMINE HOW THE SYSTEM WILL RESPOND TO CHANGES .

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CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS

CHE 185 – PROCESS CONTROL AND DYNAMICS. STANDARD CONTROL LOOPS. BASIS FOR PID SELECTION. PROPORTIONAL CONTROL SATISFACTORY FOR PROCESSES WHERE RESPONSES ARE QUICK OFFSET IS NOT A PROBLEM. INVENTORY AND PUMP TANKS

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