1 / 16

Gene Expression: from DNA to protein

Gene Expression: from DNA to protein. How is DNA transcribed to RNA? In bacteria In eukaryotic cells How is mRNA translated to protein?. Central dogma. phenotype. Transcription of RNA from DNA. promoter. 5’. 3’. Ribosomes act as the workbench for translation.

linoc
Download Presentation

Gene Expression: from DNA to protein

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Gene Expression: from DNA to protein • How is DNA transcribed to RNA? • In bacteria • In eukaryotic cells • How is mRNA translated to protein?

  2. Central dogma phenotype

  3. Transcription of RNA from DNA promoter 5’ 3’

  4. Ribosomes act as the workbench for translation E. coli ribosome; large subunit in pink; small subunit in blue

  5. tRNAs match amino acids to mRNA codons

  6. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases “charge” amino acids to the right tRNAs

  7. The universal genetic code

  8. Translation starts at first AUG from 5’ end

  9. Translation termination No tRNAs recognize stop codons. The ribosome stalls, and a release factor terminates translation.

  10. mRNA is translated to protein • Initiation: ribosomes bind to 5’ end of messenger RNA (mRNA), along with initiator Met-tRNA • Elongation: proceeds 5'  3' along mRNA, in 3-base increments (codons) • Polypeptide grows from N-terminus to C-terminus • Termination: at stop (nonsense) codon

  11. Prokaryotic gene expression http://statistics.arizona.edu/courses/EEB600A-2003/lectures/lecture24/lecture24.html

  12. Eukaryotic gene expression

  13. Pre-mRNA processing in eukaryotes:addition of 5’ cap

  14. Pre-mRNA processing in eukaryotes: splicing to remove introns

  15. Pre-mRNA processing in eukaryotes: polyadenylation at 3’ end

  16. Animations of transcription and translation • Bioflix • Molecular visualization on YouTube: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41_Ne5mS2ls

More Related