4 th nine weeks study guide

1. 4th nine weeks study guide

2. 1. Are millions of immigrants are accepted into the United States each year? No

3. 2. Do several million noncitizens, known as aliens, live in the United States? yes

4. 3. May aliens who are at least 18 years old, have lived in the United States at least five years, and have lived at least three months in the state where they seek naturalization file an application for citizenship? yes

5. 4. Can a child born in another country to parents who are American citizens can claim citizenship in the United States. yes

6. 5. What is the final step in naturalization? Citizenship exam

7. 6. __________ governments, such as China, are finding ways to limit online political communications. authoritarian

8. 7. _________groups often use the Internet to spread propaganda about ideas that are far from the political center. • extremist

9. 8. What requires Web site companies to establish privacy policies describing the information they collect from children? • Children’s online privacy act

10. 9. Many schools rely on filtering software to prevent students from using the __________ for prohibited activities. • Internet

11. 10. What is economics? • The study of how we make decisions in a world where resources are limited

12. 11. What is scarcity? • Lacking the resources to provide the things we want

13. 12. Food, clothing, and shelter are examples of __________. • Needs

14. 13. What is a trade off? • One thing is exchanged for the use of another

15. 14. The __________ cost is what you cannot buy or do when choosing to do one thing rather than another. • opportunity

16. 15. What are variable costs? • Expenses that increase as production grows

17. 16. Variable costs plus fixed costs add up to the __________ __________. • Total cost

18. 17. What is the added cost of producing one additional unit? • Marginal cost

19. 18. What requires you to compare the marginal costs and the marginal benefits of a decision? • Cost-benefit analysis

20. 19. What is marginal revenue? • The change in total revenue that results from selling one more unit of output

21. 20. Most economic decisions are made by individuals looking out for their own interests in a __________ __________. • Market economy

22. 21. In a __________ system, private citizens own most, if not all, of the means of production. • Market economy

23. 22. What are incentives? • Rewards offered to try to get people to take certain economic actions

24. 23. Imported goods give Americans access to __________ they might not have otherwise been able to enjoy. • products

25. 24. What is comparative advantage? • A country’s ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost.

26. 25. What is a tariff? • Customs duty or a tax on imported goods

27. 26. What is a limit placed on the amount of foreign goods imported? • quota

28. 27. What eliminated all trade barriers among the United States, Canada, and Mexico? • NAFTA

29. 28. What are the results of a trade deficit? • Currency can lose value

30. 29. When does a country have a trade deficit? • The value of the products imported is larger than the products exported

31. 30. What is the balance of trade? • The difference between the value of a nation’s imports and exports

32. 31. What is a market economy? • A system in which private citizens own the factors of production

33. 32. What is communism? • All property is held in common

34. 33. What is socialism? • The means of production should be owned by a society

35. 34 What is a mixed economy? • Combines pure markets and command economies

36. 35. What term refers to a system in which things are done “the way they have always been done.” • traditional