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Breeds of Beef Cattle

Breeds of Beef Cattle. Terms. Breed - group of animals related by decent from common ancestors, with similar characteristics Bull - a male Cow - a female Heifer - an unbred female Calf - an unmature (young) Steer - a castrated male. Breed Divisions. British/English

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Breeds of Beef Cattle

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  1. Breeds of Beef Cattle

  2. Terms • Breed - group of animals related by decent from common ancestors, with similar characteristics • Bull - a male • Cow - a female • Heifer - an unbred female • Calf - an unmature (young) • Steer - a castrated male

  3. Breed Divisions • British/English • Continental/Exotic/European • Bos Indicus/American/Zebu

  4. British • AKA: English • General Characteristics • Good Maternal Ability • Early Maturing • Adapt Well to Cold Climates

  5. Angus • Origin - Scotland • Color - Black • Polled • Moderate in Size • Excellent marbling • Early Maturing

  6. Hereford • Origin - England • Color - Red with White markings • Horned • Thick Hair Coat • Good Disposition

  7. Polled Hereford • Origin - Iowa, Warren Gammon • Color - Same as Hereford • Polled • Early Maturing

  8. Red Angus • Origin - U.S. • Color - Red • Polled • Moderate size • Developed from recessive Gene

  9. Shorthorn • Origin - England • Color - Red, White, Red and White, Roan

  10. Shorthorn • Origin - England • Color - Red, White, Red and White, Roan • Polled or Horned • Good disposition • Excellent Milk Production

  11. Shorthorn Plus • 1/4 – 7/8 Shorthorn • commercial ranks • cattle with black markings or coat color cannot exceed the 1/2 percentage designation

  12. Continental • AKA: European or Exotic • General Characteristics • Growthy • Fast Gaining • Later Maturing

  13. Charolais • Origin - France • Color - Cream White with pink skin • Horned • Large size • Fast growing • Muscular • Marbling can be a Problem

  14. Chianina • Origin - Italy • Color - White or Black Hair with dark skin • Horned • Large Frame • Lean Muscular Carcass • Not Maternal Breed • Largest Breed in World

  15. Limousin • Origin - France • Color - Wheat to Rust Red • Horned • Ease of Calving • High Carcass Cutability

  16. Lim-Flex • Combination 25% - 75% Limousinand 25% - 75% Angus or Red Angus • Sires and Dams must be registered with either ALBS, AAA, or ARAA • Maternal • Good Marbling • Carcass yield

  17. Maine-Anjou • Origin - France • Color - Red with White Underline • Largest of French Breeds • Rapid Growers • Dual Purpose Breed

  18. Mainetainer • 1/4 - 5/8 Maine-Anjou • Can be crossed with any other breed • Adopted in 2002 • Ability to add other breed traits to Maine-Anjou

  19. Simmental • Origin - Switzerland • Color - Yellow to Red • and white • Horned • Heavy Milk Production • Large Frame • Fast Growing

  20. Bos Indicus • AKA: American • General Characteristics • Heat Tolerant • Disease Resistant • Loose Skin • Thrive in Harsh Conditions

  21. Brahman • Origin - India • Color - Gray, Red, Brown, Black, White • Horned • Drooping Ears • Hump over Shoulders • Loose Skin • Thrive in Hot, Humid Climates

  22. Beefmaster • Origin - Lasater Ranch, Texas, 1908 • 1/2 Brahman, 1/4 Shorthorn, 1/4 Hereford • Color - Various • Hardy, Rapid Growth • Heavy Weaning Weights • Good on Range Conditions

  23. Brangus • Origin - Oklahoma • 3/8 Brahman 5/8 Angus • Color - Black • Polled • Moderate in Size • Show Brahman Influence

  24. Red Brangus • Origin - Texas • Brahman X Angus • Color - Red • Polled • Drooping Ears • Males have Crest

  25. Santa Gertrudis • Origin - Texas, King Ranch • 5/8 Shorthorn 3/8 Brahman • Color - Red • Trace back to Single Sire • Hardy • Good Mothering Ability

  26. Star 5 • 50% or more Santa Gertrudis • Sire or Dam must be registered • Records influenced cattle genetics and performance • More marketable than purebreed

  27. Simbrah • Origin - U.S. • Simmental X Brahman • Color - Red and White, solid • Polled or Horned • Dual Purpose • Rapid Growth

  28. Review Questions • Name Two British Breeds • Angus, Hereford, Polled Hereford, Red Angus, Shorthorn • Name Two General Characteristics of American Breeds • Heat Tolerant, Disease Resistant, Loose Skin, Thrive in Harsh Conditions • What Breed is Largest in the World? • Chianina

  29. Review Questions Continued • What Breed has a High Cutability Carcass? • Limousin • Where did the Santa Gertrudis originate? • King Ranch in Texas

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