1 / 20

The Carbonyl Functional Groups

The Carbonyl Functional Groups. Suggested Problems: Chapter 14: 3-12 Chapter 15: 5-8. Chapter 14, 15, 16. The Carbonyl Group. A C=O group is called a carbonyl group Depending on what else is bonded to the carbonyl carbon, we have aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters and amides.

lilah
Download Presentation

The Carbonyl Functional Groups

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Carbonyl Functional Groups Suggested Problems: Chapter 14: 3-12 Chapter 15: 5-8 Chapter 14, 15, 16

  2. The Carbonyl Group • A C=O group is called a carbonyl group • Depending on what else is bonded to the carbonyl carbon, we have aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters and amides

  3. Aldehydes • The functional group of an aldehyde is a terminal carbonyl group (there is a hydrogen on the carbonyl carbon) • The generic formula of an aldehyde is

  4. Examples: Aldehydes • An example of an aldehyde is acetaldehyde ethanal acetaldehyde

  5. Naming Aldehydes • The suffix for aldehydes is “al”

  6. Ketones • The functional group of a ketone is an internal carbonyl group (the carbonyl carbon is bonded to two alkyl groups) • The generic formula of a ketone is shown below • R and R’ may be the same alkyl groups, or they may be different

  7. Naming Ketones • Acetone is the simplest ketone • The suffix for ketones is “one” propanone acetone

  8. Carboxylic Acids • The functional group of carboxylic acid is the carboxyl group • Carboxyl = carbonyl + hydroxyl

  9. Naming Carboxylic Acids • The suffix for carboxylic acids is “oic acid” • An example of a carboxylic acid is acetic acid ethanoic acid acetic acid

  10. Example

  11. Esters • The generic formula of an ester is: • Esters are condensation products between carboxylic acids and alcohols

  12. An Example of an Ester • An example of an ester is pentyl acetate, an artificial banana flavor O C H C H C H C H C H O C C H 3 2 2 2 2 3 pentyl ethanoate pentyl acetate

  13. Examples of Esters acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) methyl salicylate (wintergreen)

  14. O O O R C N R 1 2 H NR2 R C O H R C NR2 R 3 Amides • The generic formula of an amide is: • Amides are condensation products between carboxylic acids and amines

  15. An Example of an Amide • An example of an amide is acetaminophen, an analgesic acetaminophen Tylenol®

  16. Summary of the Functional Groups No Naming of Amides and Esters

  17. Identify the Functional Groups Ethynylestradiol “novestrol” Ortho-Cyclen

  18. Identify the Functional Groups This is cocaine

  19. Identify the Functional Groups Penicillin G

  20. Identify the Functional Groups What is the total number of functional groups? Oxytetracycline antibiotic

More Related