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Seminarium Zarządzanie Prędkością Speed Management 17 – 18.10.2013

Seminarium Zarządzanie Prędkością Speed Management 17 – 18.10.2013. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management” Warsaw 17-18 October 2013. Technical Guidelines for Setting Speed Limits in Austria Presentation of Draft Version Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard REITER.

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Seminarium Zarządzanie Prędkością Speed Management 17 – 18.10.2013

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  1. Seminarium Zarządzanie Prędkością Speed Management 17 – 18.10.2013

  2. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Technical Guidelines for Setting Speed Limits in Austria Presentation of Draft Version Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard REITER

  3. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Written by members of the sub-group “Transportation experts” “Österreichische Forschungsgesellschaft Straße – Schiene – Verkehr” (FSV) – Austrian Association for Research on Road, Rail and Transport

  4. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 DRAFT VERSION Last discussion in sub-group in November

  5. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 published by Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology The main objective is to reduce the number of fatalities by 50% up to 2020.

  6. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Source: European Union

  7. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013

  8. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 In 2012 the percentage of inappropriate speed is 33%

  9. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Speed limits in Austria highways beyond built-up areas 50 km/h within built-up areas

  10. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Speed measurement 2012 by KFV

  11. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Data from Federal Ministry of the Interior BM.I Enforcement by police 2012

  12. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Speeding in Austria is often seen as trivial offence Speeding is not one of the 13 risk-encumbered recordable offences Low exceeding of speed You probably get no fine for driving up to more than 10 km/h additional to technical tolerance of devices for measuring speed because police and authorities could give you a warning when blame is marginal and consequences are minor

  13. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Fines * and revocation of the driving license (2 weeks / 6 weeks / 3 months)

  14. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Why do we need a technical guideline for setting speed limits in Austria? Speed limits and the procedure for setting them are laid down in the Straßenverkehrsordnung (StVO 1960 - Austrian road traffic act) Legislation is done by the federal parliament Enforcement is the duty of the 9 states (federalist principle)

  15. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 The 9 states have different approaches and focuses on road safety measures. So technical guidelines set by states are not quite the same and technical guidelines (on speed) have often a policy approach, which disagrees with prevailing legal norms

  16. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Historic approaches City of Graz In 1992 there was set a city-wide 30 km/h speed limit except for priority roads Led to an amendment to the StVO in 1994 Tyrol 80 km/h for all streets beyond build-up areas except for highways abrogation of the regulation by Constitutional Court

  17. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 RVS - Austrian Code for the design, construction and maintenance of roads

  18. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Contents General Principles and Terminology Legal Requirements Set the Right Limit Measuring and Data Interpretation Effectiveness and Evaluation Announcement by Traffic Signs

  19. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 General Principles A speed limit should be the last action to reduce speed. You have to check other possibilities to rise traffic safety or rather to lower the speed. You have to check improvement by design or the use of warning signs, markers, guideposts, lines etc. Roads should be self explaining Prefer the principle of guiding not the principle of inhibition

  20. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Legal Requirements Speed limits must be obligatory. It is insufficient to show that speed limits make sense. Speed limits must be a suitable instrument for solving a safety problem. Definition of speed limit: numerical value, where, when, which weather or road conditions, vehicle category Exception for built-up area-wide speed limits (not for speed limit zones) here the state of science for setting speed limits to improve traffic safety is legal standard - speed limits must not be obligatory

  21. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Approach for Checking the Requirement of Speed Limits Check all steps as described in the following figure Check other technical guidelines where required Check new criteria if there are no regulations in guidelines

  22. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Set the Right Limit - existing guidelines dealing with speed

  23. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Set the right limit - new specifications for pedestrians in longitudinal direction without pavement criteria: number of pedestrians per hour and per day is there an pavement within or beyond built-up areas pedestrian crossings beyond zebra crossings and junctions criteria: number of pedestrians per hour and per day within or beyond built-up areas

  24. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Set the Right Limit - new specifications for junctions with no turn or acceleration lanes criteria: number of vehicles per hour and per day on main road within or beyond built-up areas pavement and accident occurrence gravel roads 30 to 50 km/h according to risk situation road damages according to risk situation

  25. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Set the Right Limit - new specifications for pavement and accident occurrence reduced road grip calculation method described in appendix 7 and 7a “spot mass model” with comparison of reference value with actual grip value (μ) calculation of stopping distance with model assumptions of the Austrian rating background 2007 for “Griptester”

  26. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Set the Right Limit - new specifications for pavement and accident occurrence rut depth Speed limits depending on water film thickness figure: dependency between water film thickness and 85 percentile speed Additional figure for estimation of water film thickness if only rut depth is known

  27. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Measuring and Data Interpretation Measurement time 24 hours (better one week) minimum 150 vehicles per travel direction Driving in free motion is specified with 8 seconds time gap Measurement with side radar: discretely for each travel direction if the daily traffic volume is over 5000 vehicles Data interpretation appendix 3 shows statistical evaluation methods with examples

  28. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Effectiveness and Evaluation Generally speed limits should be evaluated. Criteria are the compliance of speed limits and influence on traffic safety. Before-and-after studies are recommended.

  29. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Announcement of Regulations by Traffic Signs • Recognition of traffic signs – formula for minimal sight distance That means a clear sign posting is essential. • Distance between repeated traffic signs should be app. 1 minute • Overlapping of different regulations here: speed limit and no passing

  30. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Announcement of Regulations by Traffic Signs Distance between two sections with speed limits should be more than 20 seconds of driving time (lower speed limit) Built-up area-wide speed limit

  31. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Overlapping Speed Limit with Built-up Area

  32. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Annex 1 Scheme for on-site findings

  33. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Annex 1 Traffic situation road function, traffic volume, modal split, speed, other regulations Site and road conditions alignment, cross-sections, longitudinal slope, cross slope, tunnels and bridges, shoulder, surface drainage, road surface conditions, crossings, bus stops, parking, structural traffic calming, visibility conditions, lateral obstacles, access roads, junctions, level crossings, plantings

  34. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Road equipment traffic signs, road markings, vehicle restraint systems, traffic lights, road lighting, glare shields, guiding devices Road surroundings surrounding property, traffic relevant information, other information (e.g. advertising), plantings Accidents and conflicts accident black spot

  35. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Enforcement - Examples Styria Campaign “Zero tolerance” in built-up areas esp. close to schools and kindergartens Campaign started just a few weeks ago. Local authorities have the order to name critical sites for intensified enforcement by police. Just technical tolerance of devices is accepted in these areas.

  36. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Enforcement – Examples Section Control Source: ASFINAG

  37. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Section Control in Austria Stationary systems A 22 Donauufer Autobahn – Kaisermühlentunnel(since 2003) A 2 Süd Autobahn: Krumbach – Grimmenstein (only towards Vienna)A 2 Süd Autobahn – EhrentalerbergtunnelA 9 Pyhrn Autobahn – Plabutschtunnel (since 2011) Mobile systemsA 9 Pyhrn Autobahn - Bosrucktunnel (road works until 2015)A 2 Tunnelkette Klagenfurt (road works)

  38. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Reduction of average speed Cars about 10 km/h HGV about 15 km/h Accidents decline of around 50% Violation of speed limits in the Plabutschtunnel 100 per day in the beginning now about 15 per day

  39. GDDKiA International Congress “Speed Management”Warsaw 17-18 October 2013 Thank you!

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