1 / 12

Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry. Carbon-based molecules – What we are made of!. Learning Focus. Describe the structure of important biochemical compound – carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids and explain their function within the cells

libba
Download Presentation

Organic Chemistry

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Organic Chemistry Carbon-based molecules – What we are made of!

  2. Learning Focus • Describe the structure of important biochemical compound – carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids and explain their function within the cells • Identify common functional groups within biological molecules, and explain their contributions to the function of each molecule. • Identify and describe the main types of biochemical reactions: acid-base, oxidation-reduction, hydrolysis, and condensation • Draw 3D molecular models of important biochemical compounds.

  3. Carbon – Central Element of Life • Backbone of all organic molecules • Carbon forms four chemical bonds: Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Methane-2D-stereo.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Ch4-structure.png

  4. The Role of Carbon • Backbone of all organic molecules • Can form long chains, ring structures, and complex 3D shapes Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Maitotoxin.png

  5. The Role of Carbon • Carbon’s bonds can be single, double or triple Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ethane-2D.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ethene_structural.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Acetylene-2D.png • Which bond do you think takes more energy to break?

  6. Types of Organic Molecules • Organic compounds with only Hydrogen and Carbon are called Hydrocarbons • Hydrocarbon types: • Alkanes (single bonds) • Alkenes (double bonds) • Alkynes (triple bonds) • Hydrocarbon = non-polar covalent • Other organic compounds are classified by their functional group Acetylene

  7. Functional groups • A group of atoms within an organic compound that give the compound it’s characteristic chemical and physical properties is called a functional group • Functional groups are where much of the bonding i.e. reactions) takes place in biological molecules. • They are attached to the carbonbackbone of organic molecules Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:FG-vs-moiety.png

  8. Common Functional groups

  9. Skeletal Organic Molecules • Illustrations that “assume” hydrogen Example:

  10. Practice Questions • Identify the circled functional groups

  11. Identify as many functional groups as you can:

  12. Read pg. 26 on bonding capacity • Pg 27 – Understanding concepts - Practice • Bonding capacity – Tip • One way to remember the bonding capacity of the most 4 common elements in order is through the acronym HONC (pronounced “HONK”). • H = 1, O = 2, N = 3, C = 4

More Related