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Subsistence Strategies

Subsistence Strategies. Horticulture cultivation of domestic crops using hand tools limited surplus production gender-related tasks property = use rights extensive land use shifting fields polycropping good sustainability e.g., Yanomami.

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Subsistence Strategies

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  1. Subsistence Strategies • Horticulture • cultivation of domestic crops using hand tools • limited surplus production • gender-related tasks • property = use rights • extensive land use • shifting fields • polycropping • good sustainability • e.g., Yanomami This lecture discusses how people get their food. Of all the cultural traits, this is the most important as it conditions virtually all other social institutions.

  2. Subsistence Strategies • Intensive Agriculture • two levels • peasant • draft animals • large families • polycropping • industrial • mass production • monocropping • high capital investment • machinery • urbanization • nuclear family This lecture discusses how people get their food. Of all the cultural traits, this is the most important as it conditions virtually all other social institutions.

  3. Subsistence Strategies • Intensive Agriculture • commonalities • manipulation of environment • fertilizers and irrigation • occupational specialization • public/private dichotomy • private ownership • permanent residence • extensive/intensive land use • not sustainable This lecture discusses how people get their food. Of all the cultural traits, this is the most important as it conditions virtually all other social institutions.

  4. Graphics Cited • Pastoralist: http://www.newint.org/issue378/pics/life-3.jpg • Camels: http://www.thisfabtrek.com/journey/africa/mauritania/20061106-nouakchott/camels-waterhole-4.jpg • Netsilik: http://www.dreamspeakers.org/2005/images/films/through_these_eyes.jpg • Inupiat: http://images.myareaguide.com/aps/op/inup.jpg • Inupiat sled: http://assets.espn.go.com/i/eticket/20061009/photos/eticket_u_histfam_310.jpg • Bushmen: http://www.gonomad.com/lodgings/0611/namgallery-images/bushman-familyb.jpg • Bushmen hunters: http://www.gudigwa.com/images/zoom/gudigwa-bushmen-hunting.jpg • Mbuti: http://kim.uing.net/files/post_file_3980.jpg • Andaman: http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter13/pla13-5.jpg • Lakota: http://www.old-picture.com/old-west/pictures/Lakota-Sioux.jpg • Bororo: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22483/22483-h/images/ill1-232a.jpg • Blackfoot: http://www.topfoto.co.uk/gallery/AlternativeHousing/images/prevs/photri1018798.jpg • Ariaal Warrior: http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/a/ariaal-warrior-525467-sw.jpg • Chukchee: http://polarhusky.com/logistics/chukotka/people/chukchi.attachment/logisticschukotkapeoplechukchi020/LogisticsChukotkaPeopleChukchi020.jpg • Kurds: http://i.infoplease.com/images/home/kurds-sheep.jpg • Pastoralists and camels: http://mediaglobal.org/admin/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/pastoralists.camels.jpg • Pastoralists: http://www.mursi.org/news-items/meeting-of-pastoralists-in-south-omo-zone-planned-for-8-12-november/image_mini • Masaai: http://www.kitumusote.org/sites/kitumusote.org/files/images/history%20of%20maasai%20page%201.img_assist_custom.JPG • Saami: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Saami_Family_1900.jpg/800px-Saami_Family_1900.jpg • Akan: http://crawfurd.dk/illu/weekly/akanking.jpg • Banyoro: http://www.ugpulse.com/images/articles/daily/20060921_100_8.jpg • Garifuna: http://www.allseasonsbelize.com/images/allgemein/garifuna.jpg • Shipibo: http://www.shamanic.net/pictures/Peru2007/carlos.jpg • Tikopia: http://www.tallshipstales.de/90s/imgs/EricMatson/boys-of-tikopia.jpg • Tzeltal: http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1092/1082248917_0e9805da6e.jpg • Yanomami: http://www.giemmegi.org/images/festa-yanomami-6.jpg • Amhara: http://en.kindernothilfe.org/en/Rubrik/Countries/Africa/Ethiopia/_Better+Future+for+children__Project.html • Bengali: http://picasaweb.google.com/dleclercq/TripMiddleEastAndTheBalkans/photo#5147508446831035218 • Thai: http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/806/50081622.JPG • Monguor: http://www.joshuaproject.net/profiles/photos/p114229.jpg • Santhal: http://farm1.static.flickr.com/20/71832446_4854285fe0_m.jpg • Lepcha: http://www.joshuaproject.net/profiles/photos/p105723.jpg • Shluh: http://farm1.static.flickr.com/37/92620708_6928efedf0.jpg • Sinhalese: http://www.joshuaproject.net/profiles/photos/p109305.jpg • Ifugao: http://www.madnomad.com/gregg/img/cordill_01.jpg • Dogon: http://saharanvibe.blogspot.com/2007/06/dogon-people-of-bandiangara.html This lecture discusses how people get their food. Of all the cultural traits, this is the most important as it conditions virtually all other social institutions.

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