FHM TRAINING TOOLS

1. FHM TRAINING TOOLS This training presentation is part of FHM’s commitment to creating and keeping safe workplaces. Be sure to check out all the training programs that are specific to your industry.

2. Electrical Safe Work Practices for Unqualified Workers

3. Learning Objectives • Objectives: • Be familiar with the information required by the OSHA’s standard for Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices, Code of Federal Regulations as Title 29 Part 1910.332 • Possess information necessary to work safely with, on, or near electrically-powered equipment

4. Agenda • Presentation agenda: • Overview • Basics of electricity • Hazards of electricity • Safe work practices • Your responsibilities

5. Section 1 Overview

6. Electrical Safety • Electricity facts: • Electrical generation is less than 150 years old • Average of one worker electrocution daily • Major cause of home fires

7. Electrical Safety • OSHA standards: • Requires safe work practices and protective equipment when electric hazards are present • Qualified person – familiar with electrical equipment and its hazards • Covers daily use of electrically-powered equipment

8. Employee Training • OSHA requirements: • Qualified employees may work on energized systems • Required training: • Distinguishing exposed live parts • Determining nominal voltage • OSHA specified clearance distances

9. Section 2 The Basics of Electricity

10. Electrical Terminology • Basic terms: • Current – the movement of electrical charge • Circuit – the flow of electrical charge • Resistance – opposition to current flow • Voltage – measure of electrical force

11. Electrical Terminology • More terms: • Conductors – substances with little electrical resistance • Insulators – substances with high electrical resistance • Grounding – conductive connection to the earth

12. Basics of Electricity • The basics: • Electricity is the flow of electrons through a conductor • Current is the flow and measured in amps • Current only flows within a complete circuit • Current flows due to voltage • DC is constant voltage • AC is alternating current

13. Section 3 The Hazards of Electricity

14. Injuries Related to Electricity • Main types of injuries: • Electrocution – death due to electrical shock • Electrical shock – non-fatal shocks • Burns – most common • Falls – from muscle spasms due to shocks

15. Electrical Shock • Facts on shocks: • Occur when a part of the body comes in contact with an electrical circuit • Small currents and low voltages can still be fatal • Severity of shock depends on: • Path through the body • Amount of current • Length of time in circuit

16. Section 4 Safe Work Practices

17. Electrical Safe Work Practices • Categories of practices: • Grounding • Electrical protective devices • Guarding energized parts • Proper use of cords • Maintaining distances • Clothing and jewelry

18. Proper Grounding • Grounding is a physical connection to the earth: • Grounding paths must be permanent and continuous • Service or System Ground – primarily designed to protect machines and tools against damage • Equipment Ground – provides a path from the tool or machine for current to flow to the ground

19. Proper Grounding • Hand-held tools must be: • Equipped with three-wire cord with ground • Plugged into a grounded receptacle • Double-insulated • Powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer

20. Electrical Protective Devices • Types of protective devices: • Fuses – will be destroyed before considerable damage can be dealt • Circuit breakers – a set of contacts opens the circuit • Ground-fault circuit-interrupters

21. Electrical Protective Devices • Ground-fault circuit-interrupter (GFCI): • Detect leakage currents • Matches current going to a device against current returning • Shuts down within 1/40th of a second when fault is detected • Able to detect loss of current due to a person who is being shocked

22. Guarding Energized Parts • Equipment operating at 50 volts or more should be isolated by: • Protective cabinet or enclosure • Permanent partitions • Elevation above working surface • Must be conspicuously marked

23. Guarding Energized Parts • All wiring needs to be protected: • Junction boxes, outlet boxes, switches and fittings must have approved covers • Unused openings must be closed • Wiring needs to be intact and shielded

24. Flexible (extension) Cords • Causes of cord damage: • Aging • Door or window edges • Staples or fastenings • Abrasions • Activities in the area

25. Flexible (extension) Cords • Cords may not be used: • As a substitute for fixed wiring • Where run through holes in walls, ceilings or floors • Where run through doorways or windows • Where attached to building surfaces • Where concealed behindwalls, ceilings, or floors

26. Maintaining Distances • Maintaining distances is a necessity: • Overhead power lines are not insulated • Unqualified workers are required to maintain at least10 foot clearance • Fallen overhead wires should never be touched • Ladders should not be used near power lines

27. Clothing and Jewelry • Conductive clothing and jewelry: • Watch bands • Bracelets • Rings • Key chains • Necklaces • Metalized aprons • Cloth with conductive thread • Metal headgear

28. Clues that Electrical Hazards Exist • Clues: • Tripped circuit breakers • Blown fuses • Warm wiring • GFCI shuts down the circuit • Damaged insulation • Wiring pulling loose

29. Module 5 Your Responsibilities

30. Your Responsibilities • Your responsibilities include: • De-energizing equipment before inspecting • Maintain and inspect electrical tools • Be aware of your surroundings • Inspect and properly use extension cords • Wear personal protective equipment when necessary • Maintain 10 foot clearance from overhead power lines