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Male Sexual Dysfunction

Male Sexual Dysfunction. Rapid advance recently due to 1) progress in basic science 2) improve in diagnostic technique 3) effective treatment option. Terminology(1). Libido: urge or biologic drive to initiate sexual activity Flaccid: nonerect

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Male Sexual Dysfunction

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  1. Male Sexual Dysfunction • Rapid advance recently due to 1) progress in basic science 2) improve in diagnostic technique 3) effective treatment option

  2. Terminology(1) • Libido: urge or biologic drive to initiate sexual activity • Flaccid: nonerect • Erection: tumescence & rigidity • Tumescence • Rigidity • Intromission: introduction of penis

  3. Terminology(2) • Thrusting: in & out movement • Emission: deposition of semen • Organism: sensory experience of a sudden relief of sexual tension • Ejaculation: forcible expulsion of semen • Detumescence: loss of penile rigidity & tumescence • Latency

  4. ANATOMY • Arterial system Int. pudendal A. 1) cavernosal A.- helicine A. 2) dorsal A.- glans penis 3) bulbar A. urethral A.- C. spongiosum

  5. ANATOMY • Venous system 1) superficial: superficial dorsal V. 2) intermediate: deep dorsal V. 3) deep: emissary V.- circumflex V. cavernous V.

  6. NERVOUS SYSTEM • ANS S2-S4 pelvic plexus- cavernous N. T12-L2 • Somatic motor N. S2-S4 - pudendal N.

  7. 3 TYPES of ERECTION • Reflexogenic: induced by genital stimulation • Psychogenic: visual or auditory stimuli • Nocturnal: during REM sleep

  8. 6 Phases of Erection • Flaccid phase • Initial filling phase • Tumescent phase • Full erection phase • Rigid erection phase • Detumescent phase

  9. HEMODYNAMICS • Relaxation of the smooth m. of the arteriolar tree & trabeculae • sinusoidal space & arterial tree increase • blood flow increase • trapping of blood • expansion of sinusoidal wall • compression of subtunical V. & emissary V.

  10. PATHOGENESIS(1) • Psychogenic 과거 90% 에서 50%로 • Neurogenic 1) CNS Ds., spinal cord injury 2) Peripheral neuropathy: DM, alcoholism 3) trauma, surgery

  11. PATHOGENESIS(2) • Hormonal 1) decreased libido 2) DM, hypogonadism, estrogen Tx., hyperprolactinemia • Arterial 1) arteriosclerosis, aging, DM 2) pelvic trauma

  12. PATHOGENESIS(3) • Venous & sinusoidal 1) defect of tunica albuginea or excessive No. or increased size of vein 2) fibrous replacement of cavernous smooth M.(priapism, DM, severearterial Ds.)

  13. PATHOGENESIS(4) • Drug induced 1) antihypertensive agents 2) psychotropic agents 3) abuse: Marihuana, alcohol, cigarette 4) estrogen, cimetidin, ranitidine

  14. PATHOGENESIS(5) • Systemic disease 1) DM: neurogenic + vasculogenic insulin dose, duration, adequacy of control: unrelated 2) Renal disease(dialysis)

  15. DIAGNOSIS • History & P/E • Lab.: LFT, FBS/2PPS, testosterone/LH/FSH prolactine • NPT test & AVSS • Intracavernous injection of vasoactive drug • Psychologic studies • Vascular studies • Neurogenic studies

  16. 발기부전증의 치료 • 약물 치료제 • 진공압축기구 • 혈관 확장제 주사요법 • 음경보형물 삽입술 • 정맥 및 동맥수술

  17. 약물요법제 • 경구용 1) Yohimbin: alpha-2 교감신경억제제 2) Trazodone: 항우울제 3) Sildenafil citrate 4) Apomorphine 5) Phentolamine(Vasomax) • 비경구용 MUSE: PGE1의 요도 내 주입

  18. Sildenafil Citrate(Viagra) GC PDE5   GTP cGMP GTP smooth M. relaxation 약의 효능: 공복 상태에서 1시간 후 최고치 반감기 4시간 관계 1시간 전에 복용 금기증: 과민반응의 과거력 Nitrate계의 약물복용 환자 음경의 해부학적 기형 등

  19. 진공압축기구 • 비교적 안전하다. • 30분 이상 착용하지 않아야 한다. • 5-6분간 진공상태를 유지하여 발기유도 • 진공압은 200mmHg이상 되어야 하며 225mmHg이상 되지 않도록 • 혈액질환이나 항응고제 치료 환자는 조심해야 한다.

  20. 혈관확장제 주사요법(1) • 전체 70% 이상 환자에서 사용 • 원인에 관계 없이 사용 가능 • 사용약제 1)단독: papaverin, PGE1 2)복합: papaverin+phentolamine papaverin+phentolamine+PGE1 PGE1+phentolamine

  21. 혈관확장제 주사요법(2) • 합병증: 1) 지속 발기증, 해면체조직의 섬유화, 음경 만곡, 음경동통 등 2) 두통, 현기증, 빈맥 등의 저혈압 증세 • 주의점: 최소용량을 써야 한다.

  22. 음경보형물 삽입술 • 다른 치료에 실패한 경우 • 이 수술 후에는 다른 어떤 방법도 불가 • 술 후 발기 시 생리적 발기 때의 것보다 작다. • 합병증: 염증 시 제거해야 한다. • 술 후 만족도는 90% • 굴곡형, 팽창형, 자가 팽창형

  23. 정맥 및 동맥수술 • Penile revascularization • Ligation of vein

  24. 사정장애 • 원인: 신경인성: 척수손상, 전신적신경병 약물복용 해부학적: 정낭 및 사정관의 폐색, 방광 경부나 전립선 수술 기능성: 조루증, 지루증

  25. 조루증 • 정의: 성 관계 중 적어도 50%에서 파트너를 만족 시킬 수 없을 정도로 충분히 사정을 조절할 수 없는 경우 • 원인: 심리적, 기질적 • 치료: 1) 약물요법 2) 해면체내 혈관확장제 주사법 3) 조루반사 단련 복원법

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