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Debating on the Negative

Debating on the Negative. Approaches to the Negative. Procedurals Disadvantages/ Kritiks Counterplans. Procedurals. Topicality

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Debating on the Negative

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  1. Debating on the Negative

  2. Approaches to the Negative • Procedurals • Disadvantages/Kritiks • Counterplans

  3. Procedurals • Topicality • The purpose of topicality is to determine the scope of the topic. The resolution is the assignment for the debate. Just like a paper in class, the affirmative has to discuss the assigned topic.

  4. Topicality continued • Imagine giving an assignment in your History class. You assigned your students to write about the battles (their choice) or World War One. • Your student turns in a college level paper about Pearl Harbor, with MLA formatted sources, and all the correct formatting you ask for. • What grade would you give them on the paper?

  5. Purpose of topicality is to insure some level of fairness

  6. How to Structure Topicality • Definitions. The definition portion of the argument is usually presented first. Definitions can be contextual or denotative. Contextual definitions are definitions and meanings of words commonly used in the literature. Denotative definitions are technical definitions. • Example:

  7. Violation. Tell the judge which specific word or words from the resolution that the affirmative violates. • Example:

  8. Reasons to Prefer. Describe why your definitions are the best way to interpret the words in the resolution. Explain what a topical affirmative looks like and what ground belongs to the affirmative and what ground belongs to the negative. • Here are a few common reasons to prefer: • Ground. Debate needs to be fairly divided, with each team having an equal chance of winning. • Grammar. Distorting the meaning and context of words and phrases makes the resolutional meaning difficult to determine. • Education. The reason we debate is to learn. Limiting incentives to research is bad for debate. • Limits/Predictability—Large topics are hard to research, and reduce chances that the negative can be prepared.

  9. Disadvantage • A Negative argument that says the Affirmative plan has a determent to doing it • An unfavorable circumstance or condition that reduces the chances of success or effectiveness. • Senior Year Homecoming party example

  10. Parts of a disadvantage • Uniqueness • The bad that you predict is not happening now and will be caused by the Affirmative. • All quiet on the Western Front

  11. Parts of a Disadvantage • Link • Enacting the Affirmative plan causes something to happen

  12. Parts of a Disadvantage • Impact • The end result of the action, which is a negative result.

  13. Kritik • The kritik (spelled "critique" in some other writings) originated in philosophy. In 1991 it was introduced to policy debate as a form of attack that attempts to redirect the focus of debate to whether or not to reject ideas which support or uphold undesirable ideology, language, institutions, or world views. • http://www.uvm.edu/~debate/NFL/rostrumlib/cxkbennett0496.pdf

  14. Kritik • The kritik questions the fundamental assumptions of the round. • The idea of fiat ( the assumption of putting the plan into place) is illusionary. We are not policy makers, so the value of our statement is key • The kritik is generally presented as an absolute argument. • Since the plan is not actually passing, the thought behind the argument is key • The kritik may be non-unique. • The problem can exist currently, the Affirmative just makes it worse

  15. Examples of Kritiks • Neoliberalism • Security • Borders • Development

  16. Counterplans • What Is a Counterplan? • A counterplan is a policy option offered by the negative team that is not the status quo and not the affirmative plan.

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