Networks

1. Networks • - Jesús Aguado Delgado • Pablo Santos García • 1ºB

2. Networks A Choose just one answer: a,b, c or d. 1 A workstation is connected to a network by: 4 A computer network that is confined to one site is called a: A network interface card A hub A switch A router • MAN • LAN • WAN • Peer-to-peer 2 Which of these types of network cable is not affected by interference from other cables? 5 A company provides its users with a network that can be accessed from all its offices worldwide. This network is: UTP Thick Ethernet Fibre-optic Thin Ethernet • A LAN • A MAN • A WAN • An intranet 3 Which of these devices allows many computers to connect to a server's network interface card? • Router • Switch • Modem • Bridge

3. Networks B Answer all parts of all questions. 1 Explain the difference between a LAN and a WAN. LAN is used in little places, and WAN is used in bigger networks. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) Describe what differences there are likely to be in the way computers are connected in a LAN and in a WAN. Cable. LAN: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. Telephone, ISDN, leased lines or satellite links. WAN: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. c) (i) A university has many buildings spread out over a campus. State what type of network would link its computers together. LAN. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. (ii) State the type of cabling that the university would be most likely to use to make connections between different buildings and explain the reasons for this choice. Fibre optic is faster and it isn’t affected by interference. You can also use co-axial if there isn’t too much distance. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 On a particular network, one computer is used to store the data shared by all the users. State what this computer is called. Server. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Networks C These are GCSE-style questions. Answer all parts of all questions. 1 Chris works from home and does a lot of work on his computer, programming and writing documentation. He decides that it would be a good idea if he were to install his own network. a) Explain three advantages that Chris would gain from having a network. He’ll be allowed to share information in a database; communication will be easier, central installation of software will make upgrades easier. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) Explain three disadvantages of setting up such a network. It’ll be expensive to set up the network, he probably will be affected by security problems, he’ll need an expert who sets up the network. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. c) Apart from the usual computers and peripherals, describe three extra items of hardware that Chris might have to obtain in order to set up his network. State the purpose of each component. A Network Interface Card, a router and a hub/switch. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. d) Chris wants to connect his network to the Internet. He considers using a modem for this purpose. Explain the purpose of a modem. It’ll connect him to the Internet. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. e) He decides to use a broadband connection. Explain why a broadband connection is a good choice. Transmission speeds are higher than for ordinary telephones. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Networks C These are GCSE-style questions. Answer all parts of all questions. 2 A small company designs the layouts for books. It employs three designers who use desktop publishing software to arrange the text and illustrations that they receive by e-mail from the authors. A secretary uses office software for administrative purposes. The company is planning to install a network with six workstations and two servers. a) Explain, with examples, why this company might require two servers rather than just one. The first one for data and the second one for the email. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) State two ways in which the network will allow the company to improve the security of its data files. A third server for back-up, anti-malware software. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. c) (i) Explain why the company might now need to appoint an extra member of staff. They need a person who keeps the network working properly. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. (ii) Describe what the role of this person would be. Network manager …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Network layouts and software A Choose just one answer: a,b, c or d. 1 When a user on a network prints a file, it goes into a print queue just before printing. Where is this queue held? 4 A small network that does not have a server is called: A peer-to-peer network A ring network A star network A bus network • On the server's hard disk • In the server's RAM • On the client's hard disk • In the client's RAM 2 On a network, a payroll clerk needs only to be able to view personnel records. A suitable level of access to these files would be: 5 One type of network has all the devices connected to one common cable with a terminator at each end. This is called: A ring network A bus network A star network A peer-to-peer network • Read/write • Read-only • Execute • Delete 3 A workstation on a network is also called: • A server • A hub • A terminal • A client machine

7. Network layouts and software B Answer all parts of all questions. 1 The diagram below shows the layout of one particular type of network. Printer D B A C a) State the name of this type of layout. It’s a bus network. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) Part D is where all the shared files are stored. Name all the parts indicated by letters A,B,C,D A, Terminator; B, Client; C, Network/cable; D, Server. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. c) Describe one advantage of installing this particular type of network. It’s cheap. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. d) Describe two weaknesses of this particular type of network. A problem with the cable involves the whole network. If many computers are attached the network slows down. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Network layouts and software C These are GCSE-style questions. Answer all parts of all questions. A small firm of insurance brokers is considering installing a network. One of the options they consider is a peer-to peer network. 1 Explain what a peer-to-peer network is. It’s a network without servers. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 Explain why this type of network may be suitable in this situation. They can share peripherals and files equally. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 A client-server system is chosen instead. Network software is installed on all the computers. The server has multitasking software installed. a) Explain what is meant by multitasking. It’s software that allows doing a lot of things at the same time. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) Explain why multitasking software is necessary on a server machine. This software can deal with many workstation requests seemingly at the same time. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. c) State two advantages of using a client-server network layout. Log in, passwords. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

9. Network layouts and software C These are GCSE-style questions. Answer all parts of all questions. A small firm of insurance brokers is considering installing a network. One of the options they consider is a peer-to peer network. 4 The server software has many security features. State three of these features. -Some files can be only used by certain users. -Users are placed in groups. -Logs are kept of all network activities. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5 Explain the purpose of logging on. Identifying the users. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

10. Communicationmethods A Choose just one answer: a,b, c or d. 1 What software is used to display web pages? 4 Why is it a good idea not to open e-mails from unknown sources? • Operating system • Email client • Browser • Html Opening them will lead to more junk e-mail Opening them will waste space on your hard disk Opening them may reveal passwords to others They may carry a virus 2 An advantage of using the telephone instead of e-mail is: • With telephone messages, the person is reached immediately • E-mails can often be misunderstood • Telephone calls are cheaper than e-mails • Telephone conversations are completely private 5 Video conferencing is often of poor quality when internet connectivity is used. The most likely reason for this is: The internet cannot send moving pictures Many users do not have broadband connections The operating system of many PCs is incompatible with video conferencing Web cameras do not have enough pixel density. 3 An advantage of e-mail is: • It can be accessed from any connected computer in the world • It is totally secure • You only receive the communications that you want • It costs nothing to send

11. Communicationmethods B Answer all parts of all questions. 1 a) State four reasons why e-mail is often preferred over other methods of communication. Very quick delivery, you can attach a file, free to send, can be sent at any time. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) Describe two drawbacks of e-mail. Spam, it isn’t totally secure. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 On a particular network, one computer is used to store the data shared by all the users. State what this computer is called. Very versatile, can be used as an advertising medium, can take orders from web pages. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Explain why video conferencing is best achieved with a broadband connection. Video conferencing needs to transmit a lot of data per second. ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………

12. Communicationmethods C These are GCSE-style questions. Answer all parts of all questions. 4 The server software has many security features. State three of these features. 5 Explain two reasons why a home can benefit from connection to satellite communication systems. Lots of data can be sent simultaneously, useful for communication and television channels. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

13. Data transfer A Choose just one answer: a,b, c or d. 1 Broadbandnetworkconnection means: 4 A person often wants to download music from the internet but finds it too slow. The best way to reduce download times would be to: • More bits of data are transmitted per second • Thicker cables are used • More cables are used • Fibre-optic cables are used Change to a different ISP Install more RAM Install a broadband connection Increase hard disk space 2 The reason why image files are often compressed on internet sites is: • The image quality is improved • They transmit faster • Fewer pixels are used in the display • Browsers can only display compressed images 5 The reason why image files are often compressed on internet sites is: Most surfers have small amounts of RAM Some surfers use ISDN Some surfers have broadband connections Limiting graphics reduces download times 3 Wich of these could improve the response time of network? • Change to a bus network topology • Increase client disk space • Add extra hub • Give the server more RAM

14. Data transfer B Answer all parts of all questions. 1 a) Data is often sent over networks in a compressed form. Explain what this means and the advantage of doing it. This makes communications faster. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) The following are commonly used compression standards. For each one, state what sort of file is being compressed. 2 Explain why it is often a good idea to limit the amount of graphics used on a web page. Download will be faster if there aren’t too much graphics on it . ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 a) A modem is advertised as being 56 Kbps. How long is the shortest time that it would take to download a file of 1 MB? Show your working 1 megabyte = 8 megabits = 8192 kilobits; 8192 kilobits / 56 Kbps = 146.28 seconds ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) In practice, the 1 MB file may take longer than this to download. Explain one reason why this might be the case. Because saving data is slow. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

15. Data transfer C These are GCSE-style questions. Answer all parts of all questions. 1 A small college uses a 3-station client-server network for its administration. The computers are connected by a bus cable. Recently, with increasing student numbers, the office staff have noticed that the network performance has slowed down. Explain how each of the following factors may influence network performance and how changes can be made to improve the network's speed. a) Network topology (layout) Installing a star or a ring network. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. b) The network cards Faster network cards. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. a) The specification of the server Fast hard drives, processors and a lot of RAM. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Explain why network performance can be improved by storing commonly used applications on local hard drives rather than on the server. 2 There will be less data traffic on the network. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. An ISP (Internet Service Provider) needs to have servers with a high specification. Explain what this means and why it is important in this case. 3 If many users try to access the same server at the same time, delays will occur. For troubleshooting this, servers must have fast hard drives, processors and a lot of RAM. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..