Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Edition in Modules)

1. Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Edition in Modules) Module 32 Promoting Health James A. McCubbin, PhD Clemson University Worth Publishers

2. 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 Depression score No-treatment group Relaxation treatment group Aerobic exercise group Before treatment evaluation After treatment evaluation Promoting Health • Aerobic Exercise • sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness

3. Promoting Health • Biofeedback • system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state • blood pressure • muscle tension

4. 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Percentage of patients with recurrent heart attacks (cumulative average) Control patients Modifying life-style reduced recurrent heart attacks Life-style modification patients 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Year Promoting Health • Modifying Type A life-style can reduce recurrence of heart attacks

5. Percentage with high support 100% 90 80 70 60 50 12-14 18-19 25-34 45-54 65-74 15-17 20-24 35-44 55-64 75+ Age in years Promoting Health • Social support across the life span

6. Life events Personal appraisal Challenge Threat Personality type Easy going Nondepressed Optimistic Hostile Depressed Pessimistic Personal habits Nonsmoking Regular exercise Good nutrition Smoking Sedentary Poor nutrition Level of social support Close, enduring Lacking Tendency toward Health Illness

7. Subfields of Alternative Medicine Alternative systems of medical practice Bioelectromagnetic applications Diet, nutrition, life-style changes Herbal medicine Manual healing Mind-body control Pharmacological and biological treatments Health care ranging from self-care according to folk principles, to care rendered in an organized health care system based on alternative traditions or practices The study of how living organisms interact with electromagnetic (EM) fields The knowledge of how to prevent illness, maintain health, and reverse the effects of chronic disease through dietary or nutritional intervention Employing plan and plant products from folk medicine traditions for pharmacological use Using touch and manipulation with the hands as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool Exploring the mind’s capacity to affect the body, based on traditional medical systems that make use of the interconnected- ness of mind and body Drugs and vaccines not yet accepted by mainstream medicine

8. Promoting Health • Complementary and Alternative Medicine • unproven health care treatments not taught widely in medical schools, not used in hospitals, and not usually reimbursed by insurance companies

9. Relative risk of dying Not smoking Regular exercise Weekly religious attendance Women Men Promoting Health 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 • Predictors of mortality

10. Promoting Health • Religious Attendance

11. Healthy behaviors (less smoking, drinking) Religious involvement Social support (faith communities, marriage) Better health (less immune system suppression, stress hormones, and suicide) Positive emotions (less stress, anxiety) Promoting Health • The religion factor is multi-dimensional