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Evaluation (a.k.a. Assessment)

Evaluation (a.k.a. Assessment). Krista S. Schumacher Schumacher Consulting.org 918-284-7276 krista@schumacherconsulting.org www.schumacherconsulting.org. Prepared for the Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education 2010 Summer Grant Writing Institute. To Evaluate or to Assess? .

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Evaluation (a.k.a. Assessment)

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  1. Evaluation(a.k.a. Assessment) Krista S. Schumacher Schumacher Consulting.org 918-284-7276 krista@schumacherconsulting.org www.schumacherconsulting.org Prepared for the Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education 2010 Summer Grant Writing Institute

  2. To Evaluate or to Assess? • Technically speaking…. • Assessment • Long-term outcomes, aggregated judgment • Evaluation • Short-term outcomes, “unique event” judgment krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  3. Why Evaluate? • How will you know your project is progressing adequately to achieve objectives? • How will funders know your project was successful? • Increasing emphasis placed on evaluation, i.e., • U.S. Department of Education • National Science Foundation • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  4. Why Evaluate? • Improve the program – • “Balancing the call to prove with the need to improve.” (W.K. Kellogg Foundation • Determine program effectiveness – • Evaluation supports “accountability and quality control” (Kellogg Foundation) • Significant influence on program’s future • Generate new knowledge – • Not just research knowledge • Determines not just that a program works, but analyzes how and why it works • With whom is the program most successful? • Under what circumstances? krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  5. Why Evaluate? WHAT WILL BE DONE WITH THE RESULTS????? “Evaluation results will be reviewed (quarterly, semi-annually, annually) by the project advisory board and staff. Results will be used to make program adjustments as needed.” krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  6. Types of Evaluation Process evaluation: • What processes are used and how well do they work? Outcome evaluation: • Did the project achieve its stated objectives? krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  7. Process Evaluation • What was provided and to whom? • services (modality, type, intensity, duration) • recipients (individual demographics and characteristics) • gender, age, race/ethnicity, income level, first-generation status • context (institution, community, classroom) • cost (did the project stay within budget?) • Do processes match the proposed project plan? • What types of deviation from the plan occurred? • What led to the deviations? • What effect did the deviations have on the project and evaluation? krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  8. Outcome Evaluation • What effect did the program have on participants? • Activities / Objectives • Achievement / Attitudes and beliefs • What program/contextual factors were associated with outcomes? • What individual factors were associated with outcomes? • How durable were the effects? • What correlations can be drawn between outcomes and program? • How do you know that the program was the cause of the effect? krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  9. Who will Evaluate? • External evaluators increasingly required or strongly recommended • Partners for effective and efficient programs • Methodological orientations • Philosophical orientations • Experience and qualifications krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  10. How much will it cost? • External evaluations cost money…period. • Standard recommendation: • 5% to 10% of total budget • Kellogg Foundation; U.S. Dept of Ed. • Check funder limits on evaluation • Ensure cost is reasonable but sufficient krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  11. Two Types of Data • Quantitative • Numbers based on objectives and activities • Types of data needed: • Number of participants (process) • Grade point averages (outcome) • Retention rates (outcome) • Survey data (outcome and process) • Qualitative • Interviews • Focus groups • Observation krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  12. Methods/Instruments • How are you going to get your data? • Establish baseline data • Pre- and post-assessments (knowledge, skills) • Pre- and post-surveys (attitudinal) • Enrollment rosters • Meeting minutes • Database reports • Institutional Research Office (I.R.) krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  13. Data Analysis • Quantitative data • Data analysis programs: • SPSS (Statistical Program for the Social Sciences), Stata, etc... • Descriptive and statistical data: • On a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being “strongly disagree” and 5 being “strongly agree,” please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree that pigs can fly. • Descriptive: • 150 (or 75%) of respondents agree or strongly agree that pigs can fly. • Statistical (t-test, ANOVA, etc.) • There is a statistically significant difference (p<.05) between the sexes that pigs can fly, with men more likely than women to agree or strongly agree with this statement. krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  14. Data Analysis • Qualitative Data • Data analysis programs • NVivo , ATLAS.ti, etc… • More than pithy anecdotes • “May explain – and provide evidence of – those hard-to-measure outcomes that cannot be defined quantitatively.” – W.K. Kellogg Foundation • Provides insight into how and why a program is successful • Analyze for themes that support (or don’t) quantitative data krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  15. Two Types of Timeframes • Formative • Ongoing throughout life of grant • Measures activities and objectives • Summative • At conclusion of grant funding • NEED BOTH! krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  16. Timelines • When will evaluation occur? • Monthly? • Quarterly? • Semi-annually? • Annually? • At the end of each training session? • At the end of each cycle? krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  17. Origin of the Evaluation: Need and Objectives Need: For 2005-06, the fall-to-fall retention rate of first-time degree-seeking students was 55% for the College’s full-time students, compared to national average retention rates of 65% for full-time students at comparable institutions (IPEDS, 2006). Objective: The fall-to-fall retention rate of full-time undergraduate students will increase by 3% each year from a baseline of 55% to 61% by Sept. 30, 2010. krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  18. Evaluation Data Collection and Reporting Plan krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  19. BEWARE THE LAYERED OBJECTIVE! • By the end of year five, five (5) full-time developmental education instructors will conduct 10 workshops on student retention strategies for 200 adjunct instructors. krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  20. Logic Models • From: University of Wisconsin-Extension, Program Development and Evaluation • http://www.uwex.edu/ces/pdande/evaluation/evallogicmodel.html • A Logic Model is…… • A depiction of a program showing what the program will do and what it is to accomplish. • A series of “if-then” relationships that, if implemented as intended, lead to the desired outcomes • The core of program planning and evaluation Situation Inputs Outputs Outcomes Hungry Get food Eat food Feel better krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  21. Evaluation Resources • W.K. Kellogg Foundation – “Evaluation Toolkit” • http://www.wkkf.org/default.aspx?tabid=75&CID=281&NID=61&LanguageID=0 • Newsletter resource – The PEN (Program Evaluation News) • http://www.the-aps.org/education/promote/content/newslttr3.2.pdf • NSF-sponsored program • www.evaluatorsinstitute.com • American Evaluation Association • www.eval.org • Western Michigan University, The Evaluation Center • http://ec.wmich.edu/evaldir/index.html (directory of evaluators) • OSRHE list of evaluators and other resources • http://www.okhighered.org/grant%2Dopps/writing.shtml • “Evaluation for the Unevaluated” course • http://pathwayscourses.samhsa.gov/eval101/eval101_toc.htm krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

  22. Evaluation Resources • The Research Methods Knowledge Base • http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/ • The What Works Clearinghouse • http://www.w-w-c.org/ • The Promising Practices Network • http://www.promisingpractices.net/ • The International Campbell Collaboration • http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/ • Social Programs That Work • http://www.excelgov.org/ • Planning an Effective Program Evaluation short course • http://www.the-aps.org/education/promote/pen.htm krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276 krista@schumacherconsulting.org 918-284-7276

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