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COLLABORATIVE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES RUFIJI-MAFIA-KILWA (RUMAKI) SEASCAPE PROGRAMME

COLLABORATIVE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES RUFIJI-MAFIA-KILWA (RUMAKI) SEASCAPE PROGRAMME WWF-TANZANIA. Rufiji-Mafia-Kilwa Seascape among 6 priority seascapes for WWF programme in coastal E Africa. Programme area approx. 9,000 km 2 Coastal population 137,728.

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COLLABORATIVE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES RUFIJI-MAFIA-KILWA (RUMAKI) SEASCAPE PROGRAMME

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  1. COLLABORATIVE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES RUFIJI-MAFIA-KILWA (RUMAKI) SEASCAPE PROGRAMME WWF-TANZANIA

  2. Rufiji-Mafia-Kilwa Seascape among 6 priority seascapes for WWF programme in coastal E Africa Programme area approx. 9,000 km2Coastal population 137,728

  3. Beach Management Unit (BMU) establishment in all coastal villages-Fisheries Act, 2003 part 5 sect 18 (1) Co-management in TZ is an Agreement between BMUs, District authorities & Fisheries Division

  4. PROGRAMME GOAL: Improve socio-economic well-being of coastal communities in Rufiji, Mafia and Kilwa through sustainable, participatory and equitable use and protection of fisheries & other marine resources.

  5. Specifically • Promote collaborative FISHERIES MANAGEMENT • RAISE AWARENESS on project objectives and fisheries management • Strengthen LIVELIHOODSby improving environment for small-scale enterprise • Protection of HABITATS & SPECIES • MONITORING to provide data for management

  6. KEY PARTNERS Coastal communities Mafia District Rufiji District Kilwa District Fisheries Division of Min. of Livestock & Fisheries

  7. Open access fisheries Why fisheries co-management in TZ? Destructive fishing practices Limited central & local govt capacity Declining stocks esp. export fisheries Conflict btwn trawlers & artisanal fishers

  8. Collaborative Fisheries Management (CFM) Strategy: Empower coastal communities to take advantage of provisions of the Fisheries Act, 2003 to decentralise decision-making, planning and management of fisheries resources, in collaboration with govt. Approach: Livelihood development Awareness raising to communities for establish management institutions (BMUs /CFMAs)

  9. LIVELIHOODS PROGRAMME (2006 to date) Village savings & loans 96 microfinance groups/ 2000 members to date 6,500 loans of total value 2.2 million US$ generated. >90% repayment • Mariculture trials: • Milkfish (1,800US$), mud crabs - success (5,000 US$), pearl oysters (10,000 US$) revenue & a lot of lesson learning • 43 Mariculture enterprise groups Enterprise support Enterprise grants (360,000 US$) and enterprise and skills training provided to 157 enterprise groups

  10. STEPS FOR BMU/CCC FORMATION Development of national task force on CFM Development of BMU guidelines & CFM Roadmap District level awareness and lobbying for action Institutional dev’t at VILLAGE LEVEL (BMU) Institutional dev’t at CCC/ WARD LEVEL – (CFMA)

  11. Institutional dev’t at village level (BMU) STEP 1. Raise awareness on fisheries resources ownership and management - Key Players (Change Agents) District Change Agents: Role: To sensitize communities and provide technical information Village change agents: Role: Discussion with fisher folk on registration of members for BMU formation.

  12. Registration & Election of office bearers Step 2. Formation of BMUs • Roles of BMU: • Preparation and • Implementation of • Management plans, Bylaws & workplans • Surveillance activities (laws enforcement) • Collection of revenue and fisheries data • Education and • Information sharing Composition of BMU office bearers

  13. Step 3. Build capacity at community level (BMU & Village leaders) 1. Training Governance & leadership skills 3. Fisheries policy & legislation awareness raising & Bylaws development 4. Fish catch data collection training 5. Surveillance training – surveillance protocol 2. Study visits to Tanga & Lake Victoria (10 times) 8. Fund raising & financial management training- BMU financial sustainability strategy 7. Training in fisheries resources use planning inc. problem identification, analysis & development of 5 yr plans

  14. Provision of 6 Boats and other surveillance equipments to BMUs Step 3. Build capacity cont……………. • District level capacity-building on CFM through training on: • Change agent • Computer & data management • 3. Collaborative natural resources management course • 4. Exchange visits • 5. Attending & facilitating the village level meetings

  15. THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA MINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT AND FISHERIES PREPARED BY FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT DIVISION AND WORLD WIDE FUND FOR NATURE GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF COLLABORATIVE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AREAS (CFMAs) IN COASTAL AND MARINE WATERS NOVEMBER, 2010 OF TANZANIA STEP 4: Sharing of fishing grounds through shared management system – Development of CFMAs (LMMAs) CFMA - local management area within geographical coastal and marine area of the territorial waters of Tanzania, designated using legislative and administrative processes. Fisheries Regulations, 2009 –Regulation 133 (10) provides for BMUs to associate with others to form higher level co-management structures (CFMAs) for purpose of planning, management & development Establishing framework & guidelines for Collaborative Fisheries Management Areas (CFMAs)

  16. BMU 1 BMU 2 BMU 3 BMU 4 Step 6. Development of co-ordination framework • Involves: • BMUs identify neighbouring BMUs with whom to form a CFMA • Formation of CFMA Co-ordinating Committees (CCCs), • Harmonized CFMA management plan & bylaws • Identification of boundaries –CFMA Maps & Agreement • Joint implementation plans Roles of CCC: • Harmonization of CFMA & work Plans • Overseeing implementation of CFMA plans • Sharing joint implementation issues • Ensure good governance among BMUs CFMA & CCC

  17. ACHIEVEMENTS (2006-2011): community level • 25 BMUs established & strengthened • 6 CFMAs Comprising 21 BMUs with total area: 2,498 sq km (28% of RUMAKI area), • 16 small no-take zones approx. 61.2 sq km (2.5% of the total CFMA area) initially 2 yr closure • Dev’t of 6 CFMA plans & Agreement with Director of fisheries Mafia Island Marine Park

  18. ACHIEVEMENTS (2006-2011): community level Achievements 1. Development of sustainable financing plans, inclusion of BMU budget in District plans (5% of fisheries budget) & increased village revenues 3. BMUs active in surveillance & catch monitoring 4. Perceived increase in fish availability 5. Reduction in illegal fishing activities including dynamite fishing & seine nets 5. BMU guidelines on migrant fisher camps 6. Increased frequency & reporting of dugong sightings

  19. ACHIEVEMENTS (2006-To date): national & district Achievements • 7. Production of Fisheries Regulations in Kiswahili (3,000 copies) • 8. Documents for implementation and sharing lessons including: • i) BMU guideline • ii) CFMA guideline • iii)Anti-dynamite strategies • iv) Village/BMU Bylaws • v) Surveillance protocol • 9. Fisheries revenues in District has doubled • 10. BMUs are now contributing to social development • 11. Replication of the project achievement in other coastal areas

  20. Challenges • Party political interference and negative perceptions of MPAs • on BMU establishment in Kilwa • Migrant & seine net fishers destabilize support for CFMAs • Weak participation from District authority counterparts • Limited opportunities for BMUs fundraising • No consistent national programme for CFM development • co-management model has potential in TZ, BUT ONLY IF there is adequate: • sustained community capacity-building • better integration with district authority plans • continued complementary livelihood support

  21. Final thoughts … Historical experience in TZ has shown importance of setting no-takes zones in broader fisheries co-management framework Initial emphasis in RUMAKI CFMAs is more likely to be on REGULATING ACCESS and DESTRUCTIVE GEARS. no-take zones may gain more support as time goes on. Setting up MPAs / LMMAs is actually the easy part! Making them functional / financially sustainable over 10-20 yrs is the main challenge, it takes time, funding and commitments.

  22. Thank you! For listening

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