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Remote Sensing of CO 2 in the Upper Troposphere by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

Remote Sensing of CO 2 in the Upper Troposphere by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder. (focus on high-latitude). Xun Jiang, Moustafa T. Chahine, Qinbin Li, Edward T. Olsen, Luke Chen, M. Liang, R. Shia and Yuk Yung. Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 12/10/2007.

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Remote Sensing of CO 2 in the Upper Troposphere by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

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  1. Remote Sensing of CO2 in the Upper Troposphere by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (focus on high-latitude) Xun Jiang, Moustafa T. Chahine, Qinbin Li, Edward T. Olsen, Luke Chen, M. Liang, R. Shia and Yuk Yung Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 12/10/2007

  2. Overview • Motivation • Validation of AIRS CO2 • Stratospheric Sudden Warming: Influence on CO2 and O3

  3. Motivation • Improve the understanding of the global warming, large-scale dynamics and stratosphere-troposphere interactions • Offer a unique opportunity to validate and improve the vertical transport in the models

  4. Data • AIRS CO2 and O3 • Aircraft Data of CO2 from Matsueda et al. [2002], Climate Monitoring & Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL), and SPURT Aircraft [Hoor et al., 2004] • Ozonesonde data from World Ozone and Ultraviolet Data (WOUDC)

  5. Comparison Between AIRS CO2 with Matsueda Aircraft Data SD: -1.14 ± 1.44 ppmv CO2 retrieved by Vanishing Partial Derivatives (VPD) M. Chahine, C. Barnet, E.T. Olsen, L. Chen, and E. Maddy [2005, GRL]

  6. Comparison Between AIRS CO2 with Aircraft Data in High Latitude Dots: Aircraft CO2 weighted by AIRS weighting function Contour: NCEP2 GPH at 500 hPa; Vector: NCEP2 wind vector at 500 hPa Courtesy of Peter Hoor for SPURT CO2 [Hoor et al., 2004] and Dr. Michada for CO2 at 55N, 83E

  7. Comparison Between AIRS CO2 with SPURT Aircraft Data SD: -0.9 ± 1.33 ppmv Dots: Aircraft CO2 weighted by AIRS weighting function Contour: NCEP2 GPH at 500 hPa; Vector: NCEP2 wind vector at 500 hPa

  8. Version 5 VPD AIRS CO2 ● Matsueda CO2 aircraft data ● CMDL CO2 aircraft data ● Michada CO2 aircraft data ● SPURT CO2 aircraft data —— Version 5 AIRS CO2 —— Count of Clusters —— CJCTM 2D (CMDL BC) —— GEOS-Chem 3D (CMDL BC) —— GEOS-Chem 3D (Source/Sink) —— MOZART2 (CMDL BC)

  9. Version 5 VPD AIRS O3 ● Ozonesonde Data —— Version 5 AIRS O3 —— Count of Clusters —— CJCTM 2D —— GEOS-Chem 3D —— J. Logan O3 Climatology

  10. Stratospheric Sudden Warming • Strongest dynamical coupling in the stratosphere-troposphere system • It has important influence on the chemical tracers • Stratospheric Major Warming: averaged 60-80ºN zonal mean winds and 60ºN zonal mean wind reverse sign [Decrease of vortex area; Less downwelling in the polar region]

  11. Influence of Sudden Stratospheric Warming on CO2 and O3 AIRS- April 2003 ——Zonal Wind at 60N-80N - - - AIRS Temperature at 50N-90N ——AIRS Retrieved CO2 ——AIRS Retrieved O3 40 ppbv April 1 April 30 AIRS retrieved upper tropospheric CO2 increases while AIRS 300 mb O3 decreases following a sudden stratospheric warming event

  12. Influence of Sudden Stratospheric Warming on CO2 and O3 AIRS- April 2003 ——Zonal Wind at 60N-80N - - - AIRS Temperature at 50N-90N ——AIRS Retrieved CO2 ——AIRS Retrieved O3 40 ppbv - - -Model CO2 - - -Model O3 April 1 April 30 AIRS retrieved upper tropospheric CO2 increases while AIRS 300 mb O3 decreases following a sudden stratospheric warming event

  13. Before SSW After SSW CO2 O3 Contour: NCEP2 GPH at 500 hPa

  14. AIRS CO2 (Apr 2003) AIRS O3 (Apr 2003)

  15. Conclusions • With AIRS, we monitor the distribution and transport of global CO2 on a weekly basis for the first time. • The latitudinal distribution of AIRS retrievals of upper tropospheric CO2 agrees reasonably well with in situ aircraft observations of CO2 and model simulations. • AIRS retrieved upper tropospheric CO2 increases while AIRS 300 mb O3 decreases following a sudden stratospheric warming event. After SSW Before SSW

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