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What is the Bush Meat Crisis?

What is the Bush Meat Crisis? Candace Stevens Definition of Bush Meat Wild animals that are slaughtered for sale and production of meat. Monkeys, apes, gorillas, antelope, rodents, bonobos, chimpanzees, and other primate species. History Part of a very old African culture Hunter-gatherers

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What is the Bush Meat Crisis?

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  1. What is the Bush Meat Crisis? Candace Stevens

  2. Definition of Bush Meat • Wild animals that are slaughtered for sale and production of meat. • Monkeys, apes, gorillas, antelope, rodents, bonobos, chimpanzees, and other primate species.

  3. History • Part of a very old African culture • Hunter-gatherers • Bushmen are the oldest inhabitants of southern Africa • Hunted antelope but had a diet mainly consisting of fruits, nuts and roots • Didn’t over-hunt • Small population

  4. The Main Factors • Modern technology – introduction to automatic weaponry. • Deforestation – opens up the rainforest to bush meat hunters providing easy access and transportation. • Rise in populations – too many people and not enough food to feed them all. • Traditional ways lost – in Africa the traditional ways weren’t harmful to the ecosystem and animals in it.

  5. The Problem • Not enough people to feed. • Not enough ways to get food to people. • Limited resources. • Not enough public acknowledgement. • Not enough legislation. • Whose problem is it? • Poaching makes it worse

  6. Where? • Mainly in Africa – “bush” • Areas of dense forest, where there are not many ways to transport goods. • South America • South East Asia • High risk zones are mainly in areas opened by deforestation

  7. The Reality • Apes are very similar to humans. • Apes share within 96 and 99 percent of a human’s genetic code. • The orphans that are too young to be turned into bush meat are neglected and left to starve to death.

  8. Natural Habitat • The natural habitat is being destroyed. • Conservation efforts are not protected enough. • Poachers pose an added threat. • Deforestation again allows destruction making it easier for hunters.

  9. Statistics • As many as 8,000 apes die for bushmeat each year. • Bush meat in markets only accounts for 40% of the total eaten. • In the Congo basin between 1 and 5 million tons were consumed in 2003.

  10. Biological Concerns • People come in close contact with exotic animals • Simian foamy virus • Could mutate into something more harmful or humans could become resistant • SIV infection was reported in 26 different species of African nonhuman primates.

  11. Biological Concerns • Disease is almost inevitable • Open air markets are breeding ground for bacteria and disease. • Outbreak of a common human parasite called Trichinella • Chances are Trichinella could infect humans who eat the meat of an animal with it.

  12. Frontier Issues • The Ebola virus has been found in monkeys that are being slaughtered for bush meat. • The dangers of it spreading are very high.

  13. Using GPS • New technology in GPS and GIS are helping take down Bush Meat camps. • Locate camps in relation to markets and take them down.

  14. Solutions? • Conservation • Raise public awareness • Stop the bush meat trade • Create international laws • Legislation • Animals need protective rights • Stop deforestation

  15. Future • Organizations: • Convention of Biological Diversity • The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States • The International Tropical Timber Organization

  16. Works Cited • Avasthi, Amitabh. “Bush-meat Trade Breeds New HIV” New Scientist, August 7, 2004, v183, i2459: p8(1). Infotrac, College of the Sequoias Library, Visalia, CA, 28 Feb, 2006. http://galegroup.com/ • Verrengia, Joseph B. “As Poachers Purge Jungles, Species Face Extinction.” Los Angeles Times, July 23, 2000, Part A: pg 1. News Bank Info Web. College of the Sequoias Library, Visalia, CA, 28 Feb 2006. http://proquest.umi.com • Peterson, Dale, Eating Apes. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 2003.

  17. Images Cited • Ammann, Karl. “Dead Ape Family.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Ammann, Karl. “Deforestation.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Ammann, Karl. “Ape Head.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Ammann, Karl. “Orphan Ape.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Ammann, Karl. “Small Apes.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Ammann, Karl. “Open Air Market.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Ammann, Karl. “Frozen Fetus.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Ammann, Karl. “Chained Ape.” Photograph. 2003. Eating Apes. Dale Peterson. • Bushmeat Camps. “Map of Bushmeat camps and markets.” Graphic. 2005. The Canadian Ape Alliance. March 15, 2006.http://www.great-apes.com/projects/gis/bushmeatcrisis.htm • Rainforest Live. “Skulls of apes.” Photograph. Rainforest Live – The Bushmeat Trade. Paignton Zoo. March 15, 2006. http://rainforestlive.org.uk/index.cfm?articleid=639

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