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fp= ns[kks vkSj crkvks

fp= ns[kks vkSj crkvks. fiNyh d{kk esa vkius fdu fdu tkuojksa ds ckjs esa fdLls dgkfu;kW ikB i<+s pqds gSa. 1-’ksj gkFkh canj 2-D;k vki lc nksLr gSa 3-vki esa ls lcls de ckrsa dkSu djrk gS vkSj lcls T;knk ckrsa dkSu djrk gS

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fp= ns[kks vkSj crkvks

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  1. fp= ns[kks vkSj crkvks

  2. fiNyh d{kk esa vkius fdu fdu tkuojksa ds ckjs esa fdLls dgkfu;kW ikB i<+s pqds gSa • 1-’ksj gkFkh canj • 2-D;k vki lc nksLr gSa\ • 3-vki esa ls lcls de ckrsa dkSu djrk gS vkSj lcls T;knk ckrsa dkSu djrk gS \ • 4-D;k vki esa ls dksbZ T;knk xIisa yxkus okyk Hkh gS vkidh d{kk esa dksbZ ,slk cPpk Hkh gS tks ?keaM+h Hkh gS ckr ckr esa vdM+ fn[kkrk gS\

  3. vkt ge ,slh ,d vdM+ckt ?keaM+h eD[kh dk ikB i<saxs • ” fo"k; fgUnh • d{kk rhljh • ikB ’ks[khckt eD[kh

  4. Hkkx&iBu ‘ ’ks[khckt eD[kh • ,d Fkk taxyA ml taxy esa ,d ’ksj Hkkstu djds vkjke dj jgk FkkAbrus esa ,d eD[kh mM+rh mM+rh ogk¡vk igq¡PkhA ’ksj us nks rhu fnu ls Luku ugha fd;k FkkA blfy, eD[kh ’ksj ds dku ds ,dne ikl fHku fHku fHku djus yxhA ’ksj dks cM+h eqf’dy ls uhasn vkbZ FkhAmlus iatk mBk;kA eD[kh mM xbZ------ysfdu fQj ls ’ksj ds dku ds ikl fHku fHku ’kq: gks xbZA vc ’ksj dks xqLlk vk;kAog ngkMk+----vjs eD[kh nwwj gV ojuk rq>s tku ls ekj M+kyw¡xkA

  5. dfBu’kCn 1-’ks[khckt++++++++ 2-Hkkstu 3-vkjke 4-Luku 5-eqf’dy 6-ngkM+ bu ’kCnksa dks 5&5ckj fy[kks

  6. ‘Hkkx ’kCn HkaM+kj • dfBu ‘’kCn o muds vFkZ • 1-’ks[khckt++++++++ ;g nks ‘’kCnksa ls feydj cuk gS • ‘’ks[kh vkSj ckt • ‘ ’ks[kh ?keaM+ vfHkeku >wBh ’kku vdM+ M+hax • ckt ‘ ’ks[kh c?kkjus okyk O;fDr • 2-Hkkstu = [kkuk , ftlls Hkw[k feVs • 3-vkjke = foJke , lqLrkuk , :duk • 4-Luku = ugkuk • 5-eqf’dy = dfBukbzZ • 6-ngkM+ =‘’ksj dh vkokt

  7. Ysk[ku / ys[ku • iz’uksa ds mRrj • 1-’ksj Hkkstu djds D;k dj jgk Fkk\ • 2-rHkh ogkW dkSu vk igqWph \ • 3-’ksj us fdrus fnuksa ls Luku ugha fd;k Fkk\ • 4-’ksj dks eqf’dy ls uhan vkbZ FkhA D;ksa\ • 5-’ksj dks xqLlk D;ksa vk;k\

  8. l`tukRed vfHkO;fDr • ‘1-eku yks rqe ’ksj gksA eD[kh us rqEgkjs lkFk tks dqN fd;k og nwljs lkFkh tSls& gkFkh ykseMh dks dSls crkvksxs igys D;k gqvk fQj D;k gqvk ds vk/kkj ij vius ’kCnksa esa crkvks • 2-’ksj Hkkstu djds vkjke dj jgk FkkAvki Hkkstu djds D;k djrs gks\ • 3-eD[kh us tc ’ksj dks txk;k rks og xqLlk gks x;kAvkidks tc dksbZ xgjh uhan ls txkrk gS rks vki D;k djrs gks\

  9. Hkkx & O;kdj.k • vuqPNsn ds vk/kkj ij lgh okD; cukvks& • 1-vkjke jgk Fkk dj Hkkstu djds ’ksjA • ‘’ksj Hkkstu djds vkjke dj jgk FkkA • 2-mMrh mMrh brus esa vk igq¡Pkh ,d eD[kh ogk¡A • Lkgh okD;& • 3-ugha nks rhu fnuksa ls fd;k Luku ’ksj us A • Lkgh okD;&

  10. 2-tksMs feykdj okD; cukvks

  11. Hkkx& orZuh • Lkgh ’kCn pquks& • 1- d&’kS[khckt [k&’ksf[kckt x&’ks[khckt • 2- d&ed[kh [k& eDf[k x& eD[kh • 3- d&vjke [k&vkjke x&vkje • 4- d&eq’kfdy [k&ewf’dy x&eqf’dy • 5- d&xq’lk [k&xqLlk x&xwLlk

  12. Hkkx&lqys[k • uhps fn;s x;s vuqPNsn dks lqUnj LoPN v{kjksa esa fy[kks • ,d Fkk taxyA ml taxy esa ,d ’ksj Hkkstu djds vkjke dj jgk FkkA brus esa ,d eD[kh mMrh mMrh ogk¡ vk igq¡PkhA ’ksj us nks rhu fnu ls Luku ugha fd;k FkkA blfy, eD[kh ’ksj ds dku ds ,dne ikl fHku fHku fHku djus yxhA ’ksj dks cMh eqf’dy ls uhasn vkbZ FkhAmlus viuk iatk mBk;kA eD[kh mM xbZ------ysfdu fQj ls’ksj ds dku ds ikl fHku fHku ’kq: gks xbZA vc ’ksj dks xqLlk vk;kA og ngkMk+----vjs eD[kh nwwj gV ojuk rq>s tku ls ekj M+kyw¡xkA

  13. Lkewg ppkZ ‘’ksj dks cM+h eqf’dy ls uhan vkbZ Fkh D;k vkidks Hkh dHkh eqf’dy ls uhan vkbZ Fkh ;fn gk¡ rks dc dSls dgk¡D;ksa\s vkil esa ,d nwljs ls ppkZ djds irk djksA

  14. vuqPNsn gsrw fØ;kdyki lwph • 1-ikB ds ’kh"kZd dk vFkZ crkuk ppkZ djuk foLrkfjr djukA • 2 vuqPNsn dk f’k{kd Onkjk ikB dk vkn’kZ okpu rnmijkar d{kk okpu lewg okpu djokukA • 3-dfBu ’kCnksa dks iqujko`fRr Øe esa 5&5 ckj fy[kkuk • 4-dfBu ’kCnksa ds ’kCnkFkZ fy[kokuk • 5-fofHkUu tkuojksa ds eq[kkSVs cuokukA • 6-Åu ls edMh dk tkyk cuokukA • 7-¶y¢’k dkMZ Onkjk laKk dh igpkuA • 8-tkuojksa dh cksfy¸kk¡ tkuksaA • 9-ikB ls lacaf/kr fp= cuokukA

  15. 10fofHkUu tkuojksa o dhVksa ds fp= fn[kkdj ikB esa vk;s thoksa dh igpku djkukA • 11 vuqPNsn dk ukVdhdj.k djokukA • 12 vuqPNsn dks vius’kCnksa esa vfHkO;Dr djukA

  16. lkexzh • 1-dkMZ’khV dSaph • 2-isafly dyj • 3-taxyh Ik’kqvksa rFkk dhV iraxksa ds fp=A • 4-tkuojksa ds jgus dh txg ds fp=A • 5 eq[kkSVs • 6-/kkxk tkyk cukus gsrwA

  17. mijksDr vuqlkj gh ikB ds vU; lHkh vuqP/ksnksa dk foHkktu dj lHkh n{krkvksa vuqlkj ikB dks ljy o vklku cuk ldrs gSA ewY;kadu dj ldrs gSA

  18. vH;kl iqfLrdk gsrw • tkuojksa dks mudh cksfy;ksa ls feykvks

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