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Cellular Respiration All Organisms CH 2 O + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy

Cellular Respiration All Organisms CH 2 O + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy. Oxidizable Organic Molecule. Cellular Respiration All Organisms CH 2 O + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy. Oxidizable Organic Molecule Aerobic & Anaerobic.

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Cellular Respiration All Organisms CH 2 O + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy

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  1. Cellular RespirationAll OrganismsCH2O + O2  CO2 + H2O + Energy Oxidizable Organic Molecule

  2. Cellular RespirationAll OrganismsCH2O + O2  CO2 + H2O + Energy Oxidizable Organic Molecule Aerobic & Anaerobic

  3. Cellular RespirationAll OrganismsCH2O + O2  CO2 + H2O + Energy Oxidizable Organic Molecule Used Aerobic & Anaerobic Energy Currency:

  4. Cellular RespirationAll OrganismsCH2O + O2  CO2 + H2O + Energy Oxidizable Organic Molecule Aerobic & Anaerobic Energy Currency: ATP

  5. PhotosynthesisGreen Plant Cells

  6. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O Oxidizable Organic Molecule Made Oxygen Produced Light Dependent CO2 split?

  7. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O Purple Sulfur Bacteria: CO2 + H2S  CH2O + S

  8. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O Purple Sulfur Bacteria: CO2 + H2S  CH2O + S Radioactive Isotopes (Plants): CO2 + H2O  CH2O + O2 CO2 + H2O  CH2O + O2

  9. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O

  10. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O

  11. Chloroplast

  12. Chloroplast Structure

  13. Chloroplast

  14. Development of Chloroplasts(circular DNA) • Protoplastid • Etioplast • Prolamellar body • (chromoplasts or • leucoplasts) • Chloroplast

  15. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O Light needed to split water Pigment Molecules large complex molecules that can trap light energy

  16. Photosyntheically Active Radiation (PAR)

  17. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O Light needed to split water Pigment Molecules PGAL C3 – 1st Food -> Glucose Starch Lipids Proteins recycled – CO2 acceptor RuBP C5

  18. PhotosynthesisPhotoautotrophsC02 + H20  CH2O + O2 + H2O Pigment Molecules Chlorophyll a C55H72O5N4Mg Blue-green 4 tetrapyrole rings

  19. Chlorophyll a Other Chlorophylls Chl b – Yell/Green Chl c Chl d

  20. Absorption Spectrum of Chlorophylls a and b

  21. Action Spectrum of Photosynthesis

  22. Absorption Spectra(various photosynthetic pigments)

  23. Carotenoids(lipids) Xanthophyll – yellow (has oxygen) Carotene – orange/yellow (lacks oxygen) Alpha & Beta

  24. Absorption Spectrum of A & B Carotene

  25. Phycobilins(straight-chain tetrapyrole group attached to a protein) Phycocyanin (bluish) Phycoerythrin (reddish) Phytochromes

  26. Phycocyanin & PhycoerythrinAbsorption Spectra

  27. Absorption Spectrum of the Phytochromes

  28. Accessory Pigmentsother chlorophylls, xanthophylls, carotenes …….. • 1. Absorb light and pass it on to chlorophyll a. • 2. Prevents photooxidation of chlorophyll a.

  29. Flavinoids(water soluble – all absorb UV light) Anthocyanins red-purple (indicator) Flavones UV light (bee guides) Aurones yellows

  30. Betacyanins(water soluble – absorb some UV light) Contains Nitrogen Found in plant groups that do not produce anthocyanins: Chenopodiales – goosefoots, cactuses, portulacas. - Red/Yellow (indicator)

  31. Chloroplast(Within the thylacoid the pigment molecules are precisely arranged and tightly packed.) Chlorophyll a electron transfer Reaction Center (1 in 300 molecules) Antenna Molecules Accessory Molecules-Photosynthetic Unit

  32. Chloroplast(Within the thylacoid the pigment molecules are precisely arranged and tightly packed.)

  33. Part of a Photosynthetic Unit Accessory pigments feed Reaction Center

  34. Two types of PUs or Photosystems, Structured into the Thylacoid Membrane • Photosystem II 680 nm • more chl b • Photosystem I 700 nm • more chl a and carotenoids • Need both red wavelengths for enhanced photosynthesis • R. Emerson, 1950’s (Each system carries out certain reactions. Link by electron acceptors in Light Phase of Photosynthesis.)

  35. Light Phase(If components arranged according to energy levels: Z-Pathway

  36. Light Phase

  37. Photosystem IINon-cyclic Photophosphorylation

  38. Photosystem INon-cyclic Photophosphorylation

  39. Light Phase • Products: • 1. NADPH2 • 2. ATP • (OXIDIZABLE ORGANIC MOLECULES made in the Dark Phase of Photosynthesis.)

  40. Light Phase

  41. Light Phase Triazine Herbicide

  42. Cyclic Photphosphorylation

  43. Cyclic Photophosphorylation

  44. Non-cyclic Photophosphorylation

  45. PCR, Calvin-Benson Cycle

  46. Photosynthetic Carbon Reduction Cycle (PCR)(Ribulose 1, 5 –Bisphosphate Carboxylase – Rubisco– CO2 Trapping enzyme)

  47. Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Cycle(Source of NADPH2 for lipid synthesis: RuMP (C5) for Nucleic Acid Production)Enzymes of the Photosynthetic Carbon Reduction Cycle (PCR) only function with light.

  48. Electron Flow in the Chloroplast

  49. Some Pathways

  50. Warburg Effect1920’s

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