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Properties of Liquids

Properties of Liquids. Properties of Liquids. Definite volume Indefinite shape Particles close together, but can move little bit Liquids can flow. Density liquids much greater than gases Ex: D H2O(l) is 1250x greater than D H2O(g) at 25  C

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Properties of Liquids

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  1. Properties of Liquids

  2. Properties of Liquids • Definite volume • Indefinite shape • Particles close together, but can move little bit • Liquids can flow

  3. Density liquids much greater than gases • Ex: DH2O(l) is 1250x greater than DH2O(g) at 25C • Liquids can be compressed but change in volume very slight & requires enormous pressure

  4. Viscosity • Liquids exhibit viscosity • Viscosity = resistance to flow

  5. Viscosity depends on: • strength of IMF • sizes & shapes of molecules • & temperature • stronger the IMF, the higher the viscosity • As temperature , viscosity  • As temperature , viscosity 

  6. engine oil prevents direct metal to metal contact • thin film oil on surfaces prevents metal from flaking • If oil too thick, won’t circulate at low temps • If oil too thin, will lose film strength at high temps

  7. Where does the marble drop fastest? Slowest? water glycerol

  8. Viscosity & Petroleum Drilling

  9. Surface Tension • Particles at surface of liquid exist in unbalanced environment • No attraction from above to balance attractions from below • Surface seeks smallest possible area

  10. Net attractive force pulling down

  11. Surface Tension • Surface Tension = E required to ↑surface area = measure of inward pull • Strong intermolecular attractions  High surface tension

  12. Surfactants • Compounds that lower surface tension of H2O • Disrupt hydrogen bonds between H2O molecules • See video

  13. Capillary Action • Water forms concave meniscus in glass tube • Attractive forces between water and glass > attractive forces between water molecules • Upward movement of liquid in narrow tube = capillary action

  14. Force(H2O-glass)  Force(H2O- H2O) Force(Hg-glass)  Force(Hg-Hg) CONVEX CONCAVE

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