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CHAPTER 12

CHAPTER 12. Sound Localization and Binaural Hearing. Binaural Hearing: Some Terms. AZIMUTH -angle from straight ahead in horizontal plane. Minimum Audible Amgle - jnd for azimuth. (smallest at 0 degrees, largest near 90 and 270 deg.). Binaural. LOCALIZATION & LATERALIZATION. LOCALIZATION:

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CHAPTER 12

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  1. CHAPTER 12 Sound Localization and Binaural Hearing

  2. Binaural Hearing: Some Terms • AZIMUTH-angle from straight ahead in horizontal plane. • Minimum Audible Amgle- jnd for azimuth.(smallest at 0 degrees, largest near 90 and 270 deg.) Binaural

  3. LOCALIZATION & LATERALIZATION LOCALIZATION: • ability to determine location of a sound source in the sound field. LATERALIZATION: • perceived position of sound within your head for stimulation under headphones. Binaural

  4. Sound Localization Binaural

  5. LOCALIZATION CUES: • INTERAURAL TIME DIFFERENCE works best at low freqs: up to 0.65 ms at 90 deg. • INTERAURAL INTENSITY DIFFERENCE works best at high freqs: where head shadow exists. • PRECEDENCE EFFECT people can tell which ear was stimulated first. Binaural

  6. Masking Level Difference (MLD) Masker and Signal in Each Ear Test Threshold twice: • once with identical signals in each ear • once with 180 degrees out of phase R to L Binaural

  7. Masking Level Difference (MLD) (cont’d) • Signal is easier to detect with the interaural phase difference • Shift in threshold is about 12 to 15 dB at low frequencies. • Reflects processing in the auditory brainstem) Binaural

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