Tire Recycling and Its Various Uses

1. Tire Recycling and Its Various Uses Presented By: Ki Park, Shaun Elkin, John Gamble, Carrie Tong, Terence Chin

2. The Problem • Each year, over 250 million tires are discarded as scrap in the United States. • There are already 2 billion waste tires stockpiled around the country. • These stockpiles are fire hazards and mosquito breeding grounds.

4. Destination of Waste Tires

5. Uses For Scrap Tires • Processed tire products • Whole tire applications • Combustion

6. Processed Tire Products • Molded products such as floor mats, vehicle guards, and carpet padding • Combined with plastics to produce adhesives, athletic surfaces, and garbage cans • Asphalt

7. Benefits of Using Rubberized Asphalt • Lower life cycle costs than standard asphalt • Longer life than standard asphalt • Reduces breaking distances • Quieter than standard asphalt

8. Strength Comparison

9. Cost Comparison(based on a 1000 square yd. Road with a life of 5 years)

10. Reduction in Stopping Distances

11. Whole Tire Applications • Breakwaters • Highway Crash Barriers • Playground Equipment • Artificial Reefs

12. Playground Surfacing from Recycled Tires • Safety-Reduces chance of injury • Economical-doesn’t decompose like wood, sand, or gravel • Clean - non-toxic, will not attract insects or animals

13. Artificial Reefs • Estimated 120,000 - 150,000 tires used nationally every year (double the amount used for playgrounds or breakwaters).

14. Costs Associated with Reef Construction • Estimated net cost per tire: $2.50 • $3.50 per tire (construction cost) • Revenue of $1.00 per tire (collection fee) • Average number of tires per reef: 35 • Approximate total cost per reef: $90.00

15. Reasons to Use Artificial Reefs • Attracts fish, thus increasing: • recreational fishing • sport diving • tourism • attraction to shore area • boost in area’s economy

16. Resulting Increase of Fish

17. Combustion • Substitute for coal • Pulp and paper mills • Cement kilns • Electric utilities

18. Benefits of using TDF (Tire-Derived Fuel) • Higher fuel value compared to coal • More environmentally friendly than coal • Reduction in stockpiling of tires • Some state governments offer monetary rewards to businesses that utilize TDF • More economically feasible than coal (in some processes)

19. Higher Fuel Value • One pound of TDF provides 12,000-16,000 Btu’s. Using all the stockpiled tires yearly, this represents an energy source equivalent to 0.07 quadrillion Btu’s per year • Equivalent to 12 million barrels of crude oil • Represents 0.09% of the national energy needs

20. TDF is the earth’s friend!! • Fewer air emissions • Oxford Energy facility (which burns 100% TDF) reported lowest overall air emissions in a study of electric utilities

21. Cement Kilns • Minimize air pollution problems because of high operating temperatures and complete combustion • No residue and no waste products • TDF does not need to be wire free(lower cost) • If all 40 available kilns burned 2 million tires per year, sum will be equivalent to 1/3 of yearly scrap tires produced

22. Pulp and Paper Mills • Use of TDF costs less than hog fuel(chipped wood) used in pulp and paper mills • TDF chips are similar to hog fuel, thus requiring little modification in a switch of fuel source

23. Cost Factor • P=F+R-C-T-D • P is profit per tire • F is tipping fee per tire • R is revenue per tire • C is processing cost per tire • T is transportation cost per tire • D is disposal cost per tire

24. Oxford’s Energy Modesto power plant P=F=R-C-T-D P=0+1.84-.5-0-.08 Profit of $1.26 per tire! $1.26 x 4.5 million tires equals $5.7 million $38 million investment cost Payback period= $38 million/$5.7 million = 6.7 years Real World Example

25. Findings and Recommendations By combing all three methods discussed (processed and whole tire applications and combustion), New Jersey and the country can benefit both environmentallyandeconomically.