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Lead in Water: From Arctic ice to the faucet in your kitchen

Lead in Water: From Arctic ice to the faucet in your kitchen. Dr. William Shotyk, President, Elmvale Foundation. OUTLINE.  peat bog archives of atmospheric Pb (15,000 yrs).  arctic ice archives (15,000 yrs).  leaching of Pb from soils to streams and lakes.

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Lead in Water: From Arctic ice to the faucet in your kitchen

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  1. Lead in Water: From Arctic ice to the faucet in your kitchen Dr. William Shotyk, President, Elmvale Foundation

  2. OUTLINE  peat bog archives of atmospheric Pb (15,000 yrs) arctic ice archives (15,000 yrs) leaching of Pb from soils to streams and lakes • pristine groundwaters of Springwater and Tiny  bottled water  tap water

  3. LEAD

  4. Peat Bog Archives: Atmospheric Trace Metals, Mineral Dusts, and Climate Change Tollund Man, lived and died in Denmark ca. 1000 B.C.

  5. 3,000 yrs 14,500 yrs Shotyk et al, Science281: 1635 (1998)

  6. Arctic ice archives ofatmospheric Pbpollution

  7. Ice Cores – Archives of Environmental Change

  8. UNIVERSITÄT HEIDELBERG Prof. Dr. William Shotyk Institute of Environmental Geochemistry University of Heidelberg, Germany Elmvale Water Festival, Saturday August 4th, 2007

  9. Dr. Michael Krachler Element2 Sector-field-ICP-MS

  10. Lab for Trace Inorganic and Isotopic Analyses, University of Heidelberg

  11. DECONTAMINATION stainless steel, cleaning James Zheng

  12. Concentrations of Lead from Devon Ice Cap, Canadian High Arctic, Past 150 Years Natural background: ~ 5 ppt

  13. Winter, Eurasia Lead in snow pit, Devon Island, 1994 to 2004 Summer, Canada

  14. Younger Dryas Pb (pg/g) 4000 to 6000 years ago 5 ng/l Pb ie 5 parts per trillion 8000 4000

  15. natural concentration of Pb in Arctic snow and ice ? FIVE PARTS PER TRILLION in ice between 4,000 and 6,000 years old…..

  16. the pristine groundwaters of Springwater and Tiny Townships

  17. SPRINGWATER TOWNSHIP

  18. Natural ratio of Pb to Sc ? STONE ? JOHNSON

  19. ☺ ☺ ☺ ☺ ☺ ☺ Pb/Sc, UCC X X BELLUZ

  20. MEDIAN “background” Pb = 5 parts per trillion (ppt) median concentration Pb = 5 ppt some samples Pb < 1 ppt

  21. Stream and Lake Waters

  22. Journey to Coldspring Lake, Algonquin Park, September 11-21, 2006 view of Birchcliffe Lake, from the ranger’s cabin

  23. approximate distance: 50 km each way COLDSPRING LAKE

  24. Our Team: Anthony Tolomizenko,Tommy Nørenberg, William Shotyk, Christian Scholz

  25. shallow water, countless logs, 17 beaver dams,,,,,

  26. ca. 16 km of portaging in one day !

  27. Coldspring Lake

  28. A rainwater sample was collected at Birchcliffe Lake (rainfall of September 18-19, 2006). Two plastic bottles were used, wedged into the BBQ grill to keep them above the ground.

  29. lake water is dominated by industrial Pb

  30. lakes RAIN snow 3630 parts per trillion oflead (Pb) in rainwater today

  31. Enrichment of Pb but the enrichment of Pb in the lake waters is very low the enrichment of Pb in rain and snow is very high

  32. rainwater (rich in Pb) binding of Pb to particles in soil stream water (rich in Pb) particle settling lake water (poor in Pb)

  33. Forest soil: a perfect Pb filter…. Humus + Iron Oxides

  34. it was not a trip for the faint of heart…….

  35. Bottled Waters

  36. BOTTLED WATER often just tap water “cola without the ingredients” Tony Clarke, Polaris Institute

  37. Brand B Brand A Brand D Brand C 2 ppt Increasing Sb concentrations upon storage in PET containers

  38. LEAD IN BOTTLED WATER Five parts per billion Pb Pip (2000) Summary of Bottled Drinking Water Environmental Health Perspectives, 108:864

  39. Concentrations of lead (Pb) in water bottled in plastic, are similar to Pb concentrations in groundwaters Median of all bottled waters, 8 parts per trillion Measurements to date: 132 brands of bottled water from 28 countries

  40. Our values for Pb in bottled water Nearly 1000 times lower than Pip (2000) Our values for Pb in bottled water Nearly 100 times lower than Dabeka (2003) [Health Canada] Lab for Trace Inorganic and Isotopic Analyses, University of Heidelberg

  41. Bottled water from Fiji, Ottawa, March 15, 2007 In London, Ontario, bottled water is typically 1650 times as expensive as tap water…..

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