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Review: Evaluation of Cultural Globalization

Review: Evaluation of Cultural Globalization. By definition, cultural globalization involves some degree of homogenization Typically, this is thought to be bad. Review: Evaluation of Cultural Globalization. Homogenization does not happen equally e verywhere to everyone

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Review: Evaluation of Cultural Globalization

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  1. Review: Evaluation of Cultural Globalization • By definition, cultural globalization involves some degree of homogenization • Typically, this is thought to be bad

  2. Review: Evaluation of Cultural Globalization • Homogenization does not happen equally everywhere to everyone • Homogenization provokes reactionary heterogenization • We tend to like homogenization more than we think – especially in utilitarian domains of culture

  3. Application: Cultural Globalization & FGC(Elizabeth Heger Boyle 2002) 1. Sunna – removal of hood of clitoris; 2. Genital excision – removal of some or all of clitoris & labia minora; 3. Infibulation -- excising clitoris, labia minora, & labia majora & stitching vaginal opening;

  4. Common in Many Countries • Countries with more than 90% women circumcised, mid-to-late 1990s

  5. Cultural Globalization: Three Levels of Global Culture • (1) products & forms • (2) norms & values • (3) definitions & assumptions

  6. Cultural Globalization: Modern Global Culture • Rationalism • Individualism • Universalism

  7. Cultural Globalization: Organizational • Women with no college… • 7x more likely to circumcise daughters • 5x more likely to favor practice • …than women with college

  8. Cultural Globalization: Country • Anti-FGC policies: • France 1982 Ethiopia 1994 • Sweden 1982 Ghana 1994 • Switzerland 1983 Chad 1995 • UK 1985 Djibouti 1995 • Sudan 1991 Burk Faso 1996 • US 1991 C Afr Rep 1996 • Australia 1993 Egypt 1996 • Canada 1993 Ivory C 1998

  9. Cultural Globalization: Personal • Transforms locals into cosmopolitans • Rational (not traditional) • Individual (not communal) • Universal (not particular)

  10. Cultural Globalization: Evaluation • Homogenization & Resistance (Boyle p. 104) • “Attempts to eradicate FGC are part of a Western conspiracy to undermine Egyptian culture” • “Circumcision is part of their identity…They should defend against a Western world that seeks to dominate them”

  11. Cultural Globalization: Evaluation • Utilitarian (health, bodily integrity, human rights) …or… • Expressive (religious practice, ethnic custom)

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