Turn-off cellular phones , pagers and two-way radios Place all papers , trash and

1. Welcome ! Please… • Turn-off cellular phones, pagers • andtwo-wayradios • Place all papers, trashand • beveragecontainers in trash • receptacles before leaving • No smokingortobaccoproducts • Beconsiderateof others in the • classroom Thanks For Your Cooperation!

2. Safety Consultation & Training Section Provide assistance in developing a Written Workplace Safety Program And Workplace Safety Assessments Answer questions on workplace safety problems Video lending library Training for management or employees on workplace safety

3. Powered Industrial Trucks Presented By Safety Consultation and Training Section “Your Partner for A Safer Nevada"

4. OVERVIEW • Injuries and Accident Causes • Training and Evaluation • Battery Charging • Traveling • Operation • Maintenance

5. Using PITs • PITs have many applications • Hauling • Lifting • Pulling • Stacking • PITs must only be used for those jobs for which they were designed

6. General Requirements • PITs must only be used for the purpose • for which they were intended • Follow manufacturer’s instructions • Modifications must • have written approval • from the manufacturer • Changes must be noted • on the name plate

7. Nameplates • Designation • Any modifications • Nameplates must have this information: • Weight • Rated capacity • Load center • Lifting height • Attachments

8. Injuries and Accidents • Accidents cause: • Personal injury • Pain and suffering • Lost work time • Permanent disability • Increased costs • Worker’s Comp • Property damage • Loss of business

9. Injuries and Accidents • Common hazards • Falling load accidents • Excessive speed • Operator’s vision • can be obscured • Tendency to become • unstable

10. Accident Prevention • Prevent PIT accidents by: • Training and certifying operators • Maintaining PITs properly • Following proper operating procedures: • Following safety rules/regulations • Observing workplace surroundings • Knowing the limitations of the equipment

11. Know Your PIT • Powered Industrial Trucks (PITs): • Often weigh more than a car or light truck • Are very powerful for their size • Use rear wheel steering • Can turn in a tighter circle • than most vehicles • Are often less than four feet wide • Have no suspension systems (in most PITs)

12. Rear-Wheel Steering • Unlike a car or truck, lift trucks use the • rear wheels for steering

13. Stability Triangle • The center of gravity of a PIT shifts • upwards quickly as the load is raised • The shift is more pronounced when making turns with the load raised or when operating on a slope Stability Triangle: The triangle formed between the three support points (A, B, & C) on the underside of the truck.

14. Stability Triangle - Figure 1 Load CG Load CG Vertical Stability Line (Line of Action) Combined CG Combined CG Vertical Stability Line (Line of Action) Truck CG Truck CG This vehicle is unstable and will continue to tip over The vehicle is stable

15. Loading • Loads must be stable and safely arranged • Caution must be used when the load • can’t be centered • Within the rated truck capacity

16. Stability Triangle - Figure 2 Vehicle Center of Gravity (Unloaded) B A Center of Gravity of Vehicle and Maximum Load (Theoretical) C Notes: 1. When the vehicle is loaded, the combined center of gravity (CG) shifts toward line B-C. Theoretically the maximum load will result in the CG at the line B-C. In actual practice, the combined CG should never be at line B-C. 2. The addition of additional counterweight will cause the truck CG to shift toward point A and result in a truck that is less stable laterally.

17. Center of Gravity Place the load so that the load's center of gravity is close to the fulcrum point This will cause the center of gravity for both the truck and the load to shift behind the front wheels Wrong Right

18. Center of Gravity* • If the center of gravity moves too far • forward, the PIT can tip to the front

19. Training Operators • Ensure PIT operators are competent to • operate a PIT safely by training them in: • Truck-related topics • Workplace-related topics

20. Benefits of Training • Benefits of training: • Specialized instruction • Creates proficiency • Measures employee's skills • and knowledge • Provides records for proof • of certification

21. Training And Evaluation • Trainees may operate a PIT: • Only under direct supervision of a qualified person • Without endangering themselves or others • Training must be: • Formal • Practical • Evaluated

22. Formal Training • Formal training topics (generally • considered truck-related topics) • Operating instructions, warnings and • precautions • For the type of truck for which the • operator will be authorized • Differences between PITs and automobiles • Truck controls and instrumentation • Location, purpose and how they work

23. Formal Training • Formal training topics • Engine or motor operations • Steering and maneuvering • Visibility • Vehicle capacity and • stability

24. Training In Work Conditions • Provide training about the area in • which the PIT will be used • Surface conditions • Composition of loads and their stability • Load manipulation, • stacking, and un-stacking • Pedestrian traffic

25. Training In Work Conditions • Provide training about the area in • which the PIT will be used • Hazardous locations and/or conditions • Restricted areas and narrow aisles • Ramps and other • sloped surfaces • Closed environments

26. Refresher Training • Refresher training, including an evaluation • of the effectiveness of that training, must be • conducted • An evaluation of each powered industrial • truck operator's performance must be • conducted at least once every three years

27. Refresher Training • Refresher training is required if: • The operator has been observed to be • operating in an unsafe manner or was • given a poor evaluation • Operator was involved in • an accident or near miss • Workplace conditions • change

28. Duplicative Training • Avoiding duplicative training • Previous training is acceptable if it is • appropriate to the PIT and working • conditions • Evaluation of drivers must still be • conducted at least once every three years

29. Certifying Training • The employer must certify that each • operator has been trained and evaluated, • and the certification must include the: • Type of equipment • Name of the operator • Date of the training • Date of the evaluation, and • Identity of the person(s) performing the • training or evaluation

30. Battery Charging Areas • Locate battery charging installations in • areas designated for that purpose • Provide facilities for: • Flushing and neutralizing spilled electrolyte • Fire protection • Protecting charging apparatus • from damage by PITs, and • Adequate ventilation for • dispersal of fumes from gassing batteries

31. Battery Charging Areas • When charging PIT batteries: • Use a conveyor or other material • handling equipment for handling batteries • Use a carboy tilter for handling electrolyte • When charging batteries, pour acid • into water; don’t pour water into acid

32. Battery Charging Areas • When charging PIT batteries: • Position PITs and apply the brakes before changing or charging batteries • Prohibit smoking, and prevent open flames, sparks, or electric arcs in the charging area • Keep tools and other metallic objects away from the tops of uncovered batteries

33. Battery Charging PPE • When charging PIT batteries, use the • proper PPE for the hazards involved • Chemical goggles and face shields • Chemical aprons and gloves • Safety-toe boots • Have an eyewash in the area • in case electrolyte is splashed • into the eyes

34. Fuel Storage • Store and handle: • Liquid fuels such as gasoline and diesel fuel • in accordance with NFPA Flammable and • Combustible Liquids Code (NFPA No. 30- • 1969), incorporated by reference • Liquefied petroleum gas fuel in accordance • with NFPA Storage and Handling of Liquefied • Petroleum Gases (NFPA No. 58-1969), • incorporated by reference

35. Traveling • Safe operating procedures must be • observed at all times • Observe specified speed limits • Use safe following distances • Three truck lengths • Make sure the PIT is under the control • of the operator at all times

36. Traveling • Safe operating procedures • Yield the right of way to emergency service • vehicles • Passing is prohibited at blind spots and • at dangerous locations • Wet or slippery driving surfaces require • slower speeds

37. Traveling • Dock boards or bridge plates • Must be secured prior • to driving on them • Never exceed their • rated capacity • Avoid running over • loose objects • Ascend or descend • grades slowly

38. Traveling • On grades the load and engaging means: • Must be tilted back • Raised just enough to clear the road surface • Usually 4 to 6 inches • No stunt driving or horseplay

39. Traveling • Where vision is obscured and at cross • aisles, the driver must slow down and • sound the horn

40. Traveling • If the load obstructs the forward view, • the driver is required to travel with the • load trailing

41. Operation • Never drive up to anyone standing in • front of a fixed object • Never stand under an elevated portion • of the truck • Whether loaded • or unloaded

42. Operation • Riders are prohibited unless a safe place to • ride is provided

43. People are NOT counterweights! Operation

44. Operation • Operators must keep their arms and • legs within the truck • Unattended vehicles must have the: • Load engaging means fully lowered • Controls neutralized • Power shut off • Brakes set • Wheels blocked on inclines

45. Operation • A PIT is unattended when: • Not in the operator’s view, or • The operator is more than 25 feet away

46. Operation • Maintain safe distances from edges of • ramps or platforms when on elevated • docks, platforms, and freight cars

47. Operation • Opening or closing freight doors with a • PIT is prohibited • Brakes must be set and wheels blocked in • place when unloading: • Rail cars • Trucks • Trailers

48. Operation • Jacks may be necessary to support a • semi-trailer during loading or unloading WRONG!!! RIGHT

49. Operation • Make sure the truck and trailer will • support the weight of the PIT

50. Operation • Carry loads low enough to avoid striking: • Pipes • Sprinkler systems • Lights • Doorways • Other objects