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WATER Part B

WATER Part B. Man’s Food. Water Sources: Metabolic Water. Sugars + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O. Fats + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O. Proteins + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O + N 2. Emergency Rations. Burn Produce Grams 100 Grams Metabolic Water CHO 60 Fat 107 Protein 40.

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WATER Part B

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  1. WATERPart B Man’s Food

  2. Water Sources: Metabolic Water Sugars + O2 CO2 + H2O Fats+ O2 CO2 + H2O Proteins + O2 CO2 + H2O + N2

  3. Emergency Rations Burn Produce Grams 100 GramsMetabolic Water CHO 60 Fat 107 Protein 40

  4. Water Losses • Kidney:Most important system • Skin: • Insensible: Lower skin layers • Sensible: Sweating • Lungs

  5. Water Losses • Eyes • Intestinal:Diarrhea

  6. Water Balance TOO LITTLE DEHYDRATION TOO MUCH EDEMA

  7. Edema: Fluid Excess >10%

  8. Dehydration: Fluid Loss LossEffect 1%-2% Thirst 3% Dry mouth 4% Flushed skin, impatience, apathy, nausea, emotional instability 8% Dizziness, labored breathing, indistinct speech, mental confusion 10% Heat stroke, spastic muscles 11% Circulatory insufficiency 15% DEATH

  9. Diarrheal Diseases:Life Threatening Cholera

  10. Diarrheal Diseases Cholera Incidence: 1997

  11. Help Prevent Dehydration • 10-15 Minutes Before Exercise:Up to 20 ounces of water • During Extended Exercise:4-6 ounces every 10-15 minutes

  12. Exercise:For every 1 lb lost after exercise, drink 2 cups of fluid Help Prevent Dehydration

  13. Osmotic Pressure (OP) • The force that keeps water in its compartments • OP = Solutes • Solution • Decrease in OP • Drinking

  14. Water Conservation • Osmo receptors in blood • Signal to brain (hypothalamus) • Signal to pituitary

  15. Water Elimination • Antidiuretic (ADH) hormone not released • Kidney filters out water • Bladder fills • #1

  16. Fluid Requirements • One liter per 1,000 calories eaten • See table page 17

  17. What About Minerals? • Antinaturetic System:Controls sodium balance • Three hormones: • Renin • Angiotensin • Aldosterone

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