The Cold War Begins

1. The Cold War Begins Ch. 16.1

2. Allies Disagree on Future of Europe • After WWII-SU controlled most of E. Europe • Stalin wanted Germany weak and divided and control over E. Europe • US and GB wanted united Germany and independent nations • Satellite states: • Poland, Czech, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria

3. Cont… • Truman convinced that Stalin was planning “world conquest” • 46 year struggle=Cold War • Never faced each other in “hot battle”

4. Iron Curtain • Churchill gave speech attacking the Soviet Union for creating an “iron curtain”

5. Truman Doctrine • 1947-economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey • Both countries facing Soviet pressure • $400 million

7. Containment • George Kennan-goal to keep communism contained within its existing boarders • Marshall Plan= • Purpose: U.S. financial aid program to rebuild Europe after WWII Total amount of aid 13.4 billion

8. United States Foreign Aid, Military and Economic, 1945–1954Marshall Plan aid swelled the outlay for Europe. Note the emphasis on the “developed” world, with relatively little aid going to “developing.”

9. Berlin Airlift • West Berlin controlled by the Allies, inside communist East Germany • Stalin mad because is made East Berlin look bad • June 1948-stoped ground and water transportation into West Berlin • Goal-make fall to communism • US and GB supplied food, meds, clothing, etc through air

10. Postwar Partition of Germany

11. Berlin, 1948http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2d7eOF8-4gw

13. Rivals Form Alliances • May 1949-Stalin admitted failure in Berlin • Major victory for containment • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)-military alliance to counter Soviet expansion • 12 Nations agreed attack on one=attack on all • Collective Security • Warsaw Pact- Soviets and satellite nations rival military alliance