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Phases of the Moon

Phases of the Moon. • Half of the moon is always illuminated. • Half of the moon is always illuminated. • We see all, none, or some of that illumination. The same side of the moon always faces the Earth. The same side of the moon always faces the Earth.

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Phases of the Moon

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  1. Phases of the Moon

  2. • Half of the moon is always illuminated

  3. • Half of the moon is always illuminated • We see all, none, or some of that illumination

  4. The same side of the moon always faces the Earth.

  5. The same side of the moon always faces the Earth.

  6. The same side of the moon always faces the Earth. Time for one rotation (axis) Time for one orbit (Earth) =

  7. • Half of the moon is always illuminated • We see all, none, or some of that illumination

  8. • Half of the moon is always illuminated - But it’s not always the same half! • We see all, none, or some of that illumination

  9. A few notes for the take home... C 4π2 ___ ________ a3 p2 = p2 = MEarth G(MEarth) p: period (time for Moon to go around Earth) a: Moon-Earth distance Take home #1: If M becomes 0.5M, what is the new value of p?

  10. A few notes for the in-lab...

  11. A few notes for the in-lab...

  12. A few notes for the in-lab...

  13. A few notes for the in-lab...

  14. A few notes for the in-lab...

  15. A few notes for the in-lab...

  16. A few notes for the in-lab...

  17. p2 = a3 p: period in Earth years for one orbit around the Sun a: distance in AU from the planet to the Sun

  18. 4π2 ________ a3 p2 = G(M1+M2) G = gravitational constant = 6.67 x 10-11 m3/kg/s2 MSun = 1.99 x 1030 kg MPlanet << MSun 4π2 ________ a3 p2 = G(MSun) 4π2 ________ seconds  years = 1 G(MSun) meters  AU

  19. GM1M2 _______ F = d2 F = force that the Moon feels as it orbits the Earth M1= Earth’s mass M2 = Moon’s mass d = distance between Earth and Moon If d stays the same, what happens to F if Earth’s mass decreases?

  20. 4π2 ________ a3 p2 = G(M1+M2) G = gravitational constant = 1.475 x 10-34 AU3/kg/day2 MEarth = 5.97 x 1024 kg MMoon = 7.36 x 1022 kg p = period in days of the Moon’s orbit around Earth a = distance in AU between Moon and Earth 1 AU _____________ 400,000km x a = = .002667 AU 150,000,000km

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