99 高中優質化計畫

1. 99高中優質化計畫 多元學習學科課程學習 學測英文科非選試題準備方向

2. 大學學測英文科試題準備方向 • 非選擇題 • 翻譯 8％ • 作文 20％

3. 學科能力測驗考試說明 英文考科 第貳部分：非選擇題 一、句子合併/改寫或中譯英 1.句子合併/改寫 測驗目標：評量考生依提示字詞合併或改寫句子的能力。 作答說明：請根據括弧內的提示將二句合併成一個語意 通順、語法正確的英文句子，並將答案寫在 「答案卷」上。請依序作答，並標明題號。

4. 試題舉例： 1. (even if) Lucy doesn’t speak English well. She has decided to go to college in the USA. ___________________________________________ 2. (too…to) My daughter is very young. She cannot understand the meaning of life and death. ___________________________________________

5. 3. (moreover) Fruits are delicious. They are good for health, too. ___________________________________________ 4. (用分詞片語Ving 開頭) The sick child saw his mother coming to him. He cried even louder. ___________________________________________

6. 5. (as…as) My daughter read 20 books last month. Her classmate Judy read the same number of books last month. ___________________________________________

7. 2.中譯英：此大題可能採以下二種方式，擇一呈現。 (1)單句翻譯 測驗目標：評量考生將中文句子譯成正確、通順、達意之英文的 能力。 作答說明：請將以下中文句子譯成正確、通順、達意的英文，並 將答案寫在「答案卷」上。請依序作答，並標明題號。 試題舉例： （1）如果我們只為自己而活，就不會真正地感到快樂。 （2）當我們開始為他人著想，快樂之門自然會開啟。 （96 學測）

8. (2)克漏式翻譯 測驗目標：評量考生根據選文之上下文意，將段落中的 中文句子譯成正確、達意且連貫之英文句子 的能力。 作答說明：下面一段短文中，有數處係以中文呈現，請 利用上下文線索（如單字、片語等）將其譯 成正確、通順、達意且前後連貫的英文，並 將答案寫在「答案卷」上。請依序作答，並 標明題號。

9. 試題舉例： 第 1-2 題為題組 Have you ever wondered what future hotels may look like? You need not wonder any longer. A hotel in Japan will give you a preview. The name of this hotel is the Capsule Inn; its rooms rent for eleven dollars a night. 1. 每間附有一部收音機，一台電視機和一個鬧鐘。In addition, all the rooms are air-conditioned. But here any resemblance to a twentieth-century hotel ends. The rooms are small plastic capsules, and each capsule is about five feet high, by five feet wide, and by seven feet deep. Guests have to crawl into bed through a large porthole entrance. 2. 廁所及洗衣設施則位於旅館的共同區域。Believe it or not, this hotel is almost always fully booked, perhaps because the price of the rooms is as small as the rooms themselves. （改編自 85學測）

10. 歷年學測翻譯題 99年試題： 1. 在過去，腳踏車主要是作為一種交通工具。 In the past, bicycles were used mainly as a means of transportation.  2. 然而，騎腳踏車現在已經成為一種熱門的休閒活動。 However, bicycling has now become a popular leisure activity.

11. 98年試題： 1. 大部分學生不習慣自己解決問題，他們總是期待老師提供標準答案。 Most students are not used to solving problems by themselves; they always expect standard answers from their teachers.  2. 除了用功讀書獲取知識外，學生也應該培養獨立思考的能力。 In addition to studying hard to acquire knowledge, students should also develop the ability to think independently.

12. 97年試題： 1. 全球糧食危機已經在世界許多地區造成嚴重的社會問題。 The global food crisis has already caused serious social problems in a lot of places around the world. 2. 專家警告我們不應該再將食物價格低廉視為理所當然。 Experts warn that we should no longer take low food prices for granted.

13. 96年試題： 1. 如果我們只為自己而活，就不會真正地感到快樂。 If we only live for ourselves, we won’t truly be happy. 2. 當我們開始為他人著想，快樂之門自然會開啟。 When we begin to think of others, the door to happiness automatically opens to us.

14. 95年試題： 1. 一般人都知道閱讀對孩子有益。 Everyone knows that reading is good for children. 2. 老師應該多鼓勵學生到圖書館借書。 Teachers should often encourage students to borrow books from the library.

15. 94年試題： 1. 人類對外太空所知非常有限，但長久以來我們對它卻很感興趣。 Mankind’s knowledge of the outer space is very limited, but we have been very much interested in it for a long time. 2. 太空科技的快速發展，使我們得以探索它的奧秘。 The rapid development of space technology enables us to explore its mystery.

16. 93年試題： 1. 雖然Lily 生來又瞎又聾，但她從來不氣餒。 Although Lily was born blind and deaf, she was never discouraged. 2.她的故事證明了，我們只要努力必能成功。 Her story proves that we can succeed as long as we work hard.

17. 翻譯最常出現的句型 • S+(….)+V • S+V+ that+S+V • Adv Clause…., S+V • To VR/ Ving/ Vpp…., S+V • S+ Adj Clause (who, which, that..)+V • (Phrase) , S+V • With+N+ Ving/ Vpp….., S+V

18. 翻譯四大步驟 • 找出句子的主詞與動詞 • 將句子的主要結構寫出來（如有次要結構亦同） • 找出句子其他關鍵字詞，放入適當位置 • 最後一定要檢查標點符號、主動詞一致、名詞單複數、冠詞以及拼字

19. 1.S+(….)+V 請看講義P1 太空科技的快速發展，使我們得以探索它的奧秘。（94學測） The rapid development of space technologyenables us to explore its mystery.

20. 2.Adv Clause…., S+V 雖然Lily 生來又瞎又聾，但她從來不氣餒。（93學測） Although Lily was born blind and deaf, she was never discouraged. Lily was born blind and deaf, but (yet) she never feels (felt) frustrated (depressed, upset) never gives (gave) up.

21. 翻譯題給分標準 通則：文法、拼字、標點、大小寫等錯誤均各扣0.5 分。兩題總分須為整數。 以93年學測翻譯題為例 第一題： 1.連接詞1分，前後子句各2分，扣分以各部分扣完為止。 2.關鍵詞”生來”若有漏譯者扣1分。 3.Although和but均出現者扣0.5分 4.後面子句之動詞用現在式或過去式均可。（若前後時態不一致，依語意決定，有錯誤者扣0.5分）

22. 3.S+V+ that+S+V • 她的故事證明了，我們只要努力必能成功。（93學測） • Her story proves that we will (can) succeed as long as (if only, when) we work hard. • Her experience has proven (proved) that hard work guarantees success.

23. 翻譯題給分標準 （93學測） 第二題： 1.主要子句2分，從屬子句3分，扣分以各部分扣完為止。 2.According to her story, we learn that…或Based on her story, we know that…不扣分

24. 4.To VR/ Ving/ Vpp…., S+V • 為了留給我們難忘的回憶，我們老師細心策劃了這次畢業旅行。 • To leave us unforgettable memories, our teacher carefully organized this graduation trip. • 一打開門，Shelly驚訝地發現她的家人為她準備了一個生日派對。 • Opening the door, Shelly was surprised to find her family had prepared a birthday party for her.

25. 5.S+ Adj Clause(who, which, that..)+V • 聽音樂是個你可以終身享受的嗜好。 • Listening to music is a hobby which you can enjoy all your life. • 常常出差的父母通常都覺得愧對孩子。 • Parents who are away on business trip a lot often feel guilty towards their children.

26. 6.(Phrase) , S+V • 在過去，腳踏車主要是作為一種交通工具。(99學測) • In the past, bicycles were used mainly as a means of transportation.

27. 7.With+N+ Ving/ Vpp….., S+V • 隔壁傳來音樂和噪音，Sharon無法專注於功課。 • With music and noise coming from next door, Sharon could not focus on her stydies. • 隨著（因為）油價的攀升，Jack別無選擇只好搭捷運以減少花費。 • With oil prices rising, Jack had no choice but to take the MRT to cut down on expenses.

28. 學科能力測驗考試說明 英文考科作文 此大題可能採以下三種方式，擇一呈現。 簡函寫作 提示： 1. 高中生王治平收到美國筆友 George 的來信，告訴治平他要隨父母到台灣來住兩年左右，並問治平： “Can you give me some advice and suggestions so that I know what I should do and what I should not do when I am in Taiwan?” 現在請你以治 平的身份，擬一封約 100 至 120 個單詞（words）的適當回信給 George，歡迎他來台灣，並且針對他的問題，提出一些具體的建議。 2. 回信的上下款應依下列方式寫出。（改編自 84學測）

29. Feb 20, 1995 Dear George, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Your friend, Chih-ping

30. 97學測英文作文 (20%) 請看講義P1 說明︰1.依提示在「答案卷」上寫一篇英文作文。 2.文長120個單詞 (words) 左右。 提示︰你（英文名字必須假設為George 或Mary）向朋友（英文名字必須假設為Adam 或Eve）借了一件相當珍貴的物品，但不慎遺失，一時又買不到替代品。請寫一封信，第一段說明物品遺失的經過，第二段則表達歉意並提出可能的解決方案。 請注意：為避免評分困擾，請使用上述提示的George 或Mary 在信末署名，不得使用自己真實的中文或英文姓名。

31. Dear Adam, • Thanks again for lending me your Age of Empires III game last week. Unfortunately, I have some bad news. I know I promised to return it to you tomorrow, but I’m afraid I can’t. On the weekend, a friend of mine borrowed some of my computer games, and I think he took it home with him. I won’t see him again until next week, so I can’t get it back till then. • I thought I would just buy you a new game, but I went shopping yesterday and couldn’t find it anywhere. All the stores had sold out. Would you like me to buy you a different game instead? I feel really bad about this, and I’d like to make it up to you. • Your friend, • George

32. 主題寫作 提示：請以“A Rainy Day”為題，寫一篇約 100 至 120 個單詞（words）的短文，敘述你在某一個下雨天的實際經歷。 （改編自 87學測)

33. 看圖作文 提示︰請以下面編號1至4的四張圖畫內容為藍本，依序寫一篇約100 至 120 個單詞（words）的文章，描述女孩與貓之間的故事。你也可以發揮想像力，自己選定一個順序，編寫故事。請注意，故事內容務必涵蓋四張圖意，力求情節完整、前後發展合理。 （ 96學測）

34. （ 96學測）

35. 高中生英文作文之問題與對策 英文作文之問題： • 基本文法、句型概念不熟 • 詞彙不夠、句型單調 • 句子與段落轉折不順 • 內容貧乏、沒有創意 • 中英文思考混亂

36. 對策一：強化主詞與動詞基本結構 想寫一件事情時，先寫出主詞再決定動詞，並加以延伸 例如： 他的爸爸講話 His father talks. (was talking) 加入講話對象：老師 His father was talking to the teacher. 加入講話內容：有關他的成績 His father was talking to the teacher about his grades. 修飾一下成績的狀況：成績不好 His father was talking to the teacher about his poor grades. 具體指出時間、地點更生動 After school, his father was talking to the teacher about his poor grades.

37. 對策二：簡化文法觀念 不要想太多複雜的文法，但是要把握最基本常用的句法與時態概念 簡化文法三步驟： • 主詞（人、物、抽象名詞） • 單一動詞的觀念（動詞用法） • 時態（現在、過去、完成、進行）

38. 將中文想法轉換成英文 舉例說明： 1.心中的想法：由於來自世界各處不同的人，紐約成為一個具有不同文化的國際都市。 2.運用句法： With+N+ Ving/ Vpp….., S+V 3.主要結構：主詞+動詞 New York becomes an international city. 4.加上修飾語：具有不同文化 New York becomes an international city with different cultures.

39. 5.加上次要結構：使用With +N+ Ving With different people coming from everywhere in the world, New York becomes an international city with different cultures. 6.避免重複用詞，讓句子更生動、詞彙更豐富：用diverse代替第二個different With different people coming from everywhere in the world, New York becomes an international city with diverse cultures.

40. 對策三：熟悉英文句子間的轉折四法 1.使用前一個句子中的任一字（觀念），當成下一句的主詞、受詞或其他的觀念延伸： After school, his father was talking to the teacher about his poor grades. His poor grades became a shame in his family. With different people coming from everywhere in the world, New York becomes an international city with diverse cultures. How do these cultures change the city? I am most impressed with the Toyota Hybrid car commercial. In the commercial, soft wind blows, clean water runs, and happy children run around.

41. 2.使用代名詞(they、we、you、he、she、it) 來延續前面句子的觀念與動作： My heart sank when Mother told me my old pet dog had gotten sick. When I entered the house, it was lying on the floor, looking uneasy.

42. 3.使用對襯句法：使用一連串相同的句型結構，除了可以延續一些觀念之外，還可以強調其重要性，讓轉折更加流暢有力。3.使用對襯句法：使用一連串相同的句型結構，除了可以延續一些觀念之外，還可以強調其重要性，讓轉折更加流暢有力。 I like Sponge Bob because he maintains a positive attitude towards life. He has the loudest laughter I have ever heard. He has a lovely face with sparkling eyes. He has all his friends to support him.

43. 4.使用轉折語（如first, second, in addition, meanwhile, on the contrary, however…) 構成文章的連續性，也指出句子間的邏輯關係： My mother sometimes worried about my spending too much time on computers; however, my father encouraged me to explore other fields besides schoolwork.

44. 對策四：熟練段落寫作四大步驟 • 創造想法 • 組織想法、擬定大綱 • 草擬內容 • 修改內容、檢查錯誤

45. 以大考作文題目為例： • The two things that best represent Taiwan are… 1.創造想法：腦力激盪，將可能的東西列出 Ex. Jay Chou’s music, Taiwanese talk show, pearl milk tea, a baseball with Wang Chien-ming’s autograph

46. 2.組織大綱：挑兩樣你覺得不錯的能代表台灣的東西，並列出理由。2.組織大綱：挑兩樣你覺得不錯的能代表台灣的東西，並列出理由。 • 例一：Wang Chien-ming’s baseball: winning praise for Taiwan, training hard to face the competition, serving as a heroic model for youths • 例二：pearl milk tea: standing for Taiwan’s creativity, combining western tea with Taiwan’s sweets, embracing the idea of mixing the West and the East • 用動詞表達，方便之後造句

47. 3.草擬內容：將這些理由用先前的方法寫出簡單的句子，條列出來，在利用轉折法將句子組合起來。3.草擬內容：將這些理由用先前的方法寫出簡單的句子，條列出來，在利用轉折法將句子組合起來。 Wang Cjhien-ming wins praise for Taiwan through his pitching skills. He trains hard to face the fierce competition in Major League baseball games. Watching his games even at midnight, many young people in Taiwan admire him as a national hero.

48. 4.修改內容、檢查錯誤: 檢查所有句子是否和主題相關，文法時態拼字是否有錯。

49. 段落寫作注意事項 • 一個段落(paragraph)由4到8句組成，分成主題句、支持句、結論句。 • 英文的段落要注意統一性(unity)和連慣性(coherence)

50. 大考最常出現的兩種段落文體：描寫文、記敘文大考最常出現的兩種段落文體：描寫文、記敘文 • 描寫文：針對主題（人、事、物）表達感官印象（聽覺、視覺、味覺、觸覺、嗅覺）可參考空英範文Childhood Memories of Christmas Morning 講義P2 • 記敘文：強調對某件事情結果的情緒反應（憤怒、愉悅、悲傷）可參考記敘文講義P3-P4