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Final exam-120 multiple choice-120 marks from vitamins to end of course

Final exam-120 multiple choice-120 marks from vitamins to end of course -4 short answer questions-15 points each for a total of 60 points covers whole course -3 hours- 180 marks PLEASE SEE EXAM REGULATIONS ON: faculty.cbu.ca/ebarre. Beta carotene-fat soluble

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Final exam-120 multiple choice-120 marks from vitamins to end of course

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  1. Final exam-120 multiple choice-120 marks from vitamins to end of course -4 short answer questions-15 points each for a total of 60 points covers whole course -3 hours- 180 marks • PLEASE SEE EXAM REGULATIONS ON: faculty.cbu.ca/ebarre

  2. Beta carotene-fat soluble Lecture 10b- 26 March 2019 This lecture is based largely on Chapter 7, 12, 14, 15,16 in Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition by Rolfes et al.

  3. Lectures 10ab Outline Water -role in metabolism     -role in metabolic regulation

  4. Outline of lectures 10ab Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle     Pregnancy and Lactation     Infancy     Early Childhood     Adolescence     Adulthood

  5. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle     Pregnancy and Lactation Lactation Nutrition during lactation             mother's nutrient needs                 energy additional 450 kcal per day consumed- rest comes from fat stores built up during pregnancy                     figure 14-10

  6. Fig. 14-10, p. 489

  7. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Infancy             energy and nutrient needs                     energy infants require about 100 kcal/kg/day                     protein inadequate-consequences                         too much-stress kidneys and liver                     figure 15-2

  8. Fig. 15-2, p. 517

  9. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Infancy                    breast milk lactose improves calcium absorption                     omega 3 fatty acids                     figure 15-3

  10. Fig. 15-3, p. 518

  11. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle     Infancy          infant formula nothing beats breast milk             soya formulas-avoids allergy issue found with some non-soya formulas                                      - good for lactose intolerance as there is no lactose in soya formulas              avoid goats milk-low in folate              table 15-2              figure 15-4

  12. Table 15-2, p. 519

  13. Fig. 15-4, p. 521

  14. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Infancy               special needs of pre-term infants poor absorption of lipid, fat soluble vitamins, calcium, iron and zinc due to immature gut                     solution-pre-term breast milk eg higher protein concentration than full term breast milk

  15. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Infancy              introducing cow's milk not until 12 months of age                     poor iron content and it may cause intestinal bleeding                     cows milk is higher in calcium and lower in vitamin C-thus inhibiting iron absorption                     type 1 diabetes issue-this is controversial

  16. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Infancy              introducing solid foods no earlier than 6  months 6-12 months                      if not before end of first year there may be delayed growth

  17. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Infancy              introducing solid foods 6-12 months      iron fortified cereals, meat or meat alternatives such as legumes                                         -serve with vitamin C to improve iron absorption                                         -vitamin C rich foods include citrus fruit juices and chopped berries

  18. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Infancy              introducing solid foods at one year-2-3.5 cups of milk maximum to avoid displacement of iron rich foods plus give iron fortified cereals, fruits and vegetables to meet iron requirements                     primary food in first 12 months ideally is breast milk

  19. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle         Early Childhood             energy and nutrient needs                     energy 1 year 1000 kcal/day                         3 years-1300 kcal/day                         10 years-2000 kcal/day

  20. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle         Early Childhood             energy and nutrient needs                   nutrient needs                         protein-needs dictated by needs to maintain nitrogen balance, protein quality and added needs of growth                    vitamins and minerals-met by 6 principles of dietary planning(adequacy, moderation, balance, variety, energy control and avoiding empty kcal foods)

  21. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle         Early Childhood              hunger and malnutrition in children glucose and iron are critical to brain functioning and subsequently to the child's behaviour             adverse reactions to foods must meet nutrient needs of child             childhood obesity excess energy intake relative to energy expenditure

  22. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle         Early Childhood               mealtimes at home -6 principles of good dietary planning             nutrition at school -pack lunches

  23. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Adolescence             energy and nutrient needs                 energy-2000-4000 kcal/day                            activity levels                             males need more than females

  24. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Adolescence            nutrients  vitamin D and calcium                            iron            chronic diseases atherosclerosis                           type 2 diabetes                          hypertension

  25. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Adulthood as we age in adulthood we reduce our metabolic rate- therefore need to reduce caloric intake while meeting the 6 principles of good dietary planning that adequately address changing nutrient intake requirements

  26. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Adulthood               water- avoid dehydration-mobility and desire to consume water are issues here                protein- 0.8 g/kg/day                carbohydrate- increased fibre to offset constipation- also need more fluid

  27. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Adulthood              vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium as well as iron are among the nutrients of primary concern               vitamin B12 -bacterial overgrowth-in stomach results in vitamin B12 consumption by bacteria              vitamin D and calcium -a concern due to reduced dairy intake as we age as well as the risk of osteoporosis

  28. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle        Adulthood              vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium as well as iron are among the nutrients of primary concern iron- deficiency risk if low food energy intakes-mobility and desire to consume food are issues here

  29. Nutrition metabolism throughout the life cycle    Adulthood         nutrient-brain relationships-table 16-2

  30. Table 16-2, p. 574

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