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Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Congenital and Genetic Disorders. Congenital Diseases and Disorders. Present at the time of birth May or may not be inherited Causes: Infections Toxins Environmental agents – various chemicals (Mercury or phenols) Drugs – Thalidomide Alcohol Smoking Nutritional.

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Congenital and Genetic Disorders

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  1. Congenital and Genetic Disorders

  2. Congenital Diseases and Disorders • Present at the time of birth • May or may not be inherited Causes: • Infections • Toxins • Environmental agents – various chemicals (Mercury or phenols) • Drugs – Thalidomide • Alcohol • Smoking • Nutritional

  3. Congenital Diseases and Disorders • Disorders considered congenital: • Club foot • Cleft palate • Heart abnormalities • Fetal alcohol syndrome • Hip dislocation • Neural tube defects • Cerebral palsy

  4. Congenital Diseases and Disorders • Prevention and minimizing risks Non-hereditary congenital disorders may be prevented or minimized by an awareness of risk factors.

  5. Hereditary Diseases and Disorders • Hereditary Diseases and Disorders are evident at birth or soon after, although some do not manifest until later in life • Caused by altered genes passed from parent to child • Dominate gene expression • Recessive gene expression • Mutation

  6. Hereditary Diseases and Disorders • Diseases/Disorders: • Diabetes mellitus • Cystic fibrosis • Sickle cell anemia • Huntington’s disease • Albinism • Down’s syndrome • ADL • Tay-Sachs • PKU • Hemophilia

  7. Hereditary Diseases and Disorders • Genetic counseling may be helpful in making wise choices

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