TWO

2. TWO Classification& Partition

3. Overview: • Definition of the word classification. • Basis of classification. • Definition of the word partition. • Classification and partition sentences. • Examples of classification sentence outline. • Examples of partition sentence outline. • Six guidelines for writing a classification-based or partition-based paragraph. • Single paragraph. • Multi-paragraph (composition). • The language of Classification: Useful Sentence Patterns. • Group task: write a classification-based sentence.

4. Definition of the word classification • Classification is the process of assigning items to categories. • Classification is to divide a number of items into a smaller number of groups. • Examples: Transportation News Land Air Sea Local National International The rest of the world About Hail About K.S.A

5. Basis of classification • When you classify, you divide the members of a group into categories. But on what basis do you assign members to categories? • When you classify, you need a basis for your classification. For example in chapter two pre-reading article about planets, we saw how the writer classified the nine planets into two categories based on the distance from the sun: inner and outer planets.

6. Definition of the word partition • Partition is the process of breaking a unit into its components. • Partition is to take one item and divide it into a number of parts. • Example: A computer CPU Monitor Keyboard Mouse

7. Classification and partition sentences • Classification and Partition sentences require at least two elements: the subject to be classified or partitioned and the items which consist of subclasses in classification or partition, the steps in process, and the basis of classification. These subclasses or parts need at least three essential qualities, they should be: • Complete • Grammatically parallel • Logical

8. Examples of classification sentence outline • Natural resources • Renewable resources • Examples: wood, water • Nonrenewable resources • Examples: oil, coal   • Natural resources can be classified into two basic types: renewable resources such as wood and water, and nonrenewable resources like oil and coal.

9. Example of partition sentence outline • Functions of the skin • Protection • Against germs • Temperature regulation • Through pores • The skin has two essential functions. First, it protects the body against germs. Second, it regulates temperature through the pores in the skin.

10. Six guidelines for writing a classification-based or partition-based paragraph • Choose a basis of classification or partition that is consistent with your audience and purpose. • Use only one basis of classification or partition at a time. • Avoid overlap. • Be inclusive – do not omit a category. • Arrange the categories in a logical order (Ex: chronological, spatial, importance, etc…) • Use graphics to complement the text (optional) Formal Clothes Summer Clothes Casual Clothes Formal Clothes Semiformal Clothes Casual Clothes

11. Single paragraph • A single paragraph based on classification or partition starts with a good topic sentence. The other sentences in the body of the paragraph deal with the subclasses or parts using a variety of expository patterns such as description, definition, and exemplification followed (sometimes) by a concluding sentence. 

12. Multi-paragraph • In a multi-paragraph composition, it is common to begin with an introductory paragraph usually referred to as introduction, whereas in a single paragraph, the introduction is briefly stated in a topic sentence. The multi-paragraph introduction gives more information (background Information) about the topic and then turns to the specific purpose of the composition (thesis statement). The introduction is followed by two or more paragraphs called the body and ends with a conclusion. Here is an example of a multi-paragraph composition:

13. Multi-paragraph

14. The language of classification: useful sentence patterns • The following sentences are useful in writing topic sentences and thesis statements for classification or partition paragraphs and compositions: two kinds There are three types of _____________ four classes several parts There are three kinds of energy: nuclear, hydraulic, and solar

15. The language of classification: useful sentence patterns divide three parts: We can classify (…… ) into two groups: group three types: _________ categorize kinds: categories: News articles can be divided into three categories: local, national, and international.

16. Group Task: Write a classification sentence • Topic: Restaurants in my city • Sentence of classification: the restaurants in my city can be divided into three groups: fast-food restaurants, family-style restaurants, and gourmet restaurants. • Topic: Courses I have taken • Sentence of classification:_____________________________________ • Topic: Friends I have • Sentence of classification: _____________________________________ • Topic: Car drivers • Sentence of classification:_____________________________________