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NP3-CSI , Leuven , November 14-17 , 201 3 Determiners and possessives in Old English and Polish

NP3-CSI , Leuven , November 14-17 , 201 3 Determiners and possessives in Old English and Polish Artur Bartnik, Catholic University of Lublin, Poland bartnikart@kul.pl. 1. Introduction (1) a. þæs his cwides that.sg.m.gen his saying.sg.m.gen ‘his saying’

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NP3-CSI , Leuven , November 14-17 , 201 3 Determiners and possessives in Old English and Polish

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  1. NP3-CSI, Leuven, November 14-17, 2013 Determiners and possessives in Old English and Polish Artur Bartnik, Catholic University of Lublin, Poland bartnikart@kul.pl

  2. 1. Introduction (1) a. þæs his cwides that.sg.m.gen his saying.sg.m.gen ‘his saying’ (coblick,LS_17.1_[MartinMor[BlHom_17]]:215.79.2742) b. ten mój projekt this.sg.nom my.sg.nom project.sg.nom ‘my project’ (IJPPAN_k123574, Jacek Bocheński 2009: 1, ‘Tyberiusz Cezar’) (2) a. his þone readan gim his the.sg.acc red.sg.accgem.sg.acc 'his red gem' (coblick,HomU_18_[BlHom_1]:9.125.121) b. mój ten projekt my.sg.nom this.sg.nom project.sg.nom ‘my project’ (PELCRA_7123000000081, commission of inquiry on Orlen 2005, 17th May: 11, the Chancellery of the Sejm) Claim: The two patterns in both languages are not variants of the same construction

  3. 2. A comparative perspective • Striking similarities in the nominal system

  4. Typological points • The status of elements in possessive-determiner patterns

  5. 3.Variant I: determiner-possessive (3) la sua casa the her house ‘her house’ (4) ilmioGianni/ *mioGianni themyGianni/ myGianni ‘my Gianni’ (Longobardi 1994: 623)

  6. (5) a.dieses Land von uns this. country of us 'this country of ours' b. diesesunserLand thisourcountry 'our country‘ (6) Both of them used to talk pleasantly of this their first journey to London. (James Boswell, Life of Johnson, 1791, Plank 1992: 454)

  7. (7) ða mineþeowas sindon wisdomas the my servants are wisdom & cræftas and virtues 'my servants are wisdom and virtues' (coboeth,Bo:7.18.5.287) (8) ðas ðinegesætlansynd mine gebroðra these yoursitting are my brothers 'these that sit with you are my brothers' (coaelive,ÆLS_[Eugenia]:233.330)

  8. (9) heteah forðþahisealdanwrenceas hebroughtforththehisoldtricks ‘he brought forth his old tricks’ (cochronE,ChronE_[Plummer]:1003.6.1640) Unrestricted patterns • Numerous examples (207 examples in YCOE) • Latin and native texts • Both paradigms used • Adjectives are not obligatory

  9. (10)Zaskakuje mnie ta jego nieuczciwość. surprise methat hislack of integrity ‘That lack of integrity of his surprises me’ (Swan 2002: 172) (11) Ten twoj brat to zdolny facet. that your brother is talented guy ‘that brother of yours is a talented guy’ (Swan 2002: 172) (12) Tamten twój list był dla mnieszokiem. that your letter was for me shock ‘that letter of yours was a shock to me’ (IJPPAN_k70A0084, Paweł Pollak 2006: 6, ‘Kanalia’)

  10. Unrestricted patterns • Numerous examples • Different texts (spoken and written) • Both paradigms used (ten, ta, to as well as tamten, tamto, tamta) • Adjectives are not obligatory • Can be used with common and proper nouns

  11. 4. Variant II: possessive-determiner (13) his þone readan gim his the red gem ‘his red gem’ (coblick,HomU_18_[BlHom_1]:9.125.121) (14) heeaclufige hisþonenextan he alsolovehisthe neighbour ‘he will also love his neighbour’ (coalcuin,Alc_[Warn_35]:47.38) (15) mid hisþamanwealde with histhepower ‘with his power’ (coboeth,Bo:30.69.22.1291)

  12. Restricted patterns • Numerous examples (326 examples in YCOE) • Only one paradigm accepted (se, seo þæt), no examples with the other paradigm • Adjectives are obligatory (complements)

  13. (16) A na imię jak twojej tej narzeczonej jest? Andonnamehowyourthis fiancée is ‘and what is your fiancée’s name? (PELCRA_7203010000189, family meeting, conversations) (17) Jeżelimójtenprojekt, który niby if mythisprojectwhich apparently miałem podpisać, był zły… was-supposed to-signwas bad… ‘if my project, which I was supposed to sign, was bad…’ (PELCRA_7123000000081, commission of inquiry on Orlen 2005, 17th May: 11, the Chancellery of the Sejm)

  14. Table 1. Possessives mój, moja, moje and twój, twoja, twoje in the singular with demonstratives Table 2. Possessives mój, moja, moje and twój, twoja, twoje in the plural with demonstratives

  15. Table 3. Possessives nasz, nasza, nasze and wasz, wasza, wasze in the singular with demonstratives Table 4. Possessives nasz, nasza, nasze and wasz, wasza, wasze in the plural with demonstratives

  16. Restricted patterns • Marginal patterns • Used only in spoken/informal register • Only one paradigm accepted (ten, ta, to), no examples with the other paradigm • Adjectives are not obligatory

  17. se, seo þæt and ten, ta, to definite articles? • Se and ten- proximal and distal distinction is neutralized (only markers of definiteness) • Se and ten in possessive-determiner patterns have more article-like properties • Heusler 1962 - Old Norse • Scatton1984 - Bulgarian: moja-ta kniga ‘mythebook’ • Bridging contexts: (18) We have an old car. This is why the engine is constantly broken (whole-part bridging) (19) We went to the cinema yesterday. The film was very funny (relational anaphora)

  18. (20) Poszłam na pocztę zapakować i wysłać I-goto post office to-pack and to-send książkę. (Ta) paczkawypadła dość niezdarnie book (This)packageturn outrather awkward ‘I went to the post office to pack and send a book.(This) package turned out to be rather awkward’ (Mendoza 2004: 283) Conclusions: • The two patterns in both languages are not variants of the same construction- possessive-determiner pattern is restricted in both languages but in different ways. • The possessive-determiner pattern features article-like elements in both languages.

  19. Selected references: Allen, Cynthia. 2006. Possessives and determiners in Old English. In Types of Variation: Diachronic, Dialectal and Typological Interfaces, edited by Terttu Nevalainen, Juhani Klemola and Mikko Laitinen, 149–170. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Bacz, Barbara. 1991. On some article-like uses of the demonstrative ten [this] in Polish. Could ten become an article? Langues et Linguistique 17: 1–16. Bańko, Mirosław, Górski, Rafał L., Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, Barbara, Łaziński, Marek, Pęzik, Piotr and Przepiórkowski, Adam. 2012. Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego. [National Corpus of the Polish Langauge] Warszawa: IPI PAN. Bartnik Artur. 2007. Categorial heterogeneity: OE determiners. Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 43: 75–96. Bartnik, Artur. 2011. Noun phrase structure in Old English. Lublin: KUL. Fischer, Olga. 2000. The position of the adjective in Old English. In Generative Theory and Corpus Studies: A Dialogue from 10 ICEHL, edited by Ricardo Bermudez-Otero, David Denison, Richard M. Hogg and Chris B. McCully, 153–81. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Giusti, Giuliana. 1997. The categorial status of determiners. In The New Comparative Syntax, edited by Liliane Haegeman, 95–123. London and New York: Longman. Heusler, Andreas. 1962. Altislandisches Elementarbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter [Germanische Bibliothek 1]. Longobardi, Guiseppe. 1994. Reference and proper names: a theory of N-movement in syntax and logical form. Linguistic Inquiry 25: 609–665. Mendoza, Imke. 2004. Nominaldetermination im Polnischen. Die primären Ausdrucksmittel. Habilitation thesis. LMU München. Pęzik, Piotr. 2012. Wyszukiwarka PELCRA dla danych NKJP [The PELCRA Search Engine for NKJP]. In Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Corpus of the Polish Language], 253–279. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Pęzik, Piotr. 2012. Język mówiony w NKJP [Spoken Language in NKJP]. In Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Corpus of the Polish Language], 37–47. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Plank, Frans. 1992. Possessives and the distinction between determiners and modifiers (with special reference to German). Journal of Linguistics 28: 453–68. Scatton, Ernest A. 1984. A Reference Grammar of Modern Bulgarian. Columbus, Ohio: Slavica. Swan, Oskar E. 2002. A Grammar of Contemporary Polish. Bloomington: Slavica. Taylor, Ann, Warner Anthony, Pintzuk Susan and Beths Frank. 2003. The York Toronto-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English. UK: Department of Language and Linguistic Science, University of York. Topolińska, Zuzanna. 1984. Składnia grupy imiennej [The Syntax of the Noun Phrase]. In Zuzanna Topolińska (ed.), Gramatyka Współczesnego języka polskiego. Składnia, [The Grammar of Contemporary Polish. Syntax]. 301–389. Warszawa: PWN.

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