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A b n o r m a l P s y c h o l o g y A.K.A. Psychological Disorders

A b n o r m a l P s y c h o l o g y A.K.A. Psychological Disorders. A “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged to be atypical, deviant, maladaptive and unjustifiable. Early Theories. Abnormal behavior was evil spirits trying to get out. Trephining was often used. Medical Model.

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A b n o r m a l P s y c h o l o g y A.K.A. Psychological Disorders

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  1. AbnormalPsychologyA.K.A. Psychological Disorders A “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged to be atypical, deviant, maladaptive and unjustifiable.

  2. Early Theories • Abnormal behavior was evil spirits trying to get out. • Trephining was often used.

  3. Medical Model When physicians discovered that syphilis led to mental disorders, they started using medical models to review the physical causes of these disorders. • Etiology: Cause and development of the disorder. • Diagnosis: Identifying (symptoms) and distinguishing one disease from another. • Treatment: Treating a disorder in a psychiatric hospital. • Prognosis: Forecast about the disorder.

  4. Perspectives and Disorders

  5. DSM IV • Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: • Focuses on significant behavioral patterns • Lists symptoms • Criticisms • Disorders classified as diseases • Many of the symptoms have nothing to do with mental illness • Labels people/bias in perspective of treatment

  6. The Rosenhan Study Rosenhan’s associates were Malingering symptoms of hearing voices. They were ALL admitted for schizophrenia. None were exposed as imposters. They all left diagnosed with schizophrenia in remission. What are some of the questions raised by this study?

  7. Multiaxial Classification Axis I Is a Clinical Syndrome (cognitive, anxiety, mood disorders [16 syndromes]) present? Axis II Is a Personality Disorder or Mental Retardation present? Axis III Is a General Medical Condition (diabetes, hypertension or arthritis etc) also present? Axis IV Are Psychosocial or Environmental Problems (school or housing issues) also present? Axis V What is the Global Assessment of the person’s functioning?

  8. Two Major Classifications in the DSM Neurotic Disorders Psychotic Disorders Person loses contact with reality, experiences distorted perceptions. • Distressing but one can still function in society and act rationally. John Wayne Gacy

  9. The Prevalence of Psychological Disorders • Concerned about prevalence and incidence • Prevalence: frequency with which a given disorder occurs at a given time • Incidence: number of new cases in a given period

  10. Mental Illness and the Law • Insanity • Legal term for mentally disturbed people who are not considered responsible for their criminal actions • Those found insane often spend more time in mental institutions than they would have in prison

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