Water management : Partnership between state and community in Cochabamba

1. Water management : Partnership between state and community in Cochabamba Sabine Hoffmann, PhD student at IHEID sabine.hoffmann@unige.ch

2. Plan : Water management • Context • History • Future sabine.hoffmann@unige.ch

3. State service Features • Structural deficit (covered 87% of costs 2001) • Taken out debt (30 million US$, 2005) • Inefficient management • High rate of physical and commercial water loss (55 - 63 %, 2005)

4. Community services Common features • Social unity, though with divisions • Social organisational model based on principle of reciprocity • Collective and individual rules • Internal authority • Low rate of physical and commercial water loss (5 - 10 %, 2005)

5. State Private (tank) community Number l/p/d d Price

6. Life expectancy rate Child mortality rate deaths Deaths / 1000 babies born

7. Causes of the ‘water war’ Law and the concession • Exclusive right to provide service (monopoly) • Compulsory connection to network • No recognition of right to provide community services within a concession • Price increases (35 - 100 %)

8. Ending the concession Amendment of the law The new law • Abolition of exclusive rights to provide services (monopoly) • Recognition of right to provide community services within a concession

9. State- community joint management: SEMAPA • Extending main lines • Selling water « wholesale » Community organisations • Installation of secondary networks • Water management

10. State- community joint management: • SEMAPA • Credits • Solvency and profitability • Economic viability •  Reduction of extension and administrative costs •  Reduction of water loss •  Maximisation of earnings

11. State- community joint management: Community organisations • Reciprocity • Eco-sociale rationale •  Reduction price of water •  Improvement water quality •  Increase water quantity • Reasonable demand • Monetary and non-monetary resources