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An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology. Uni - and Multidimensional Models Tomàs, J. Unidimensional Models. Cause  Effect Linear = one direction (no feedback loops) Demonic Possession (Medieval Europe) Somatogenic Models (late 19th-early 20th c.)

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An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

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  1. An Integrative Approachto Psychopathology Uni- and Multidimensional Models Tomàs, J.

  2. Unidimensional Models • Cause  Effect • Linear = one direction (no feedback loops) • Demonic Possession (Medieval Europe) • Somatogenic Models (late 19th-early 20th c.) • General paresis caused by spirochete Treponemapallidum(discovered by Noguchi & Moore in 1913) • Psychogenic Models (late 19th-early 20th c.) • Psychoanalysis: Conversion & neurotic conditions caused by inner-drive conflicts (Freud)

  3. Unidimensional Models II • Behavioral Models • Classical Conditioning (Pavlov: early 20th c.) • Operant Conditioning (Skinner: mid 20th c.) • Sociological Models • Social Conditions of Poverty (late 19th c) • Social Status (mid 20th c.) • Role Theory (Goffman: mid-late 20th c.) • Humanistic Models • Interpersonal relations in developmental period (Carl Rogers: mid-20th c.) • Cognitive Models • Errors of thinking (akin to programming errors in computers: mid-20th c. to present)

  4. Unidimensional Models III • Early Biomedical Models (early-mid 20th c.) Shock Therapies • 1917 Malaria-induced fever for paresis (Julius Wagner-Jauregg) • 1927 Insulin-induced coma for SZ (Manfred Sakel) • 1934 Metrazol-induced coma for SZ & affective psychosis (von Meduna) • 1938 Electroconvulsive tx (Cerletti & Bini) Psychosurgery(1930s-early 1950s) for SZ • 1936 Leukotomy (Moniz & Lima) • 1936 Walter Freeman & James Watts (US) • 1945 Freeman “Ice Pick Lobotomy”

  5. Unidimensional Models IV • Psychiatry returns to its “medical roots” (i.e. bio-physiology) in late 1970s • Growth of psychopharmacy since 1970s • Genetic theories of mental disorders (behavioral genetics) & the emergence of evolutionary psychology since 1980s.

  6. Multidimensional Model

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