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Historical Background

Historical Background. 7 th Century Arabs conquer Palestine 1009 Western attitudes turn Muslims attack Byzantine Empire. Development of “Crusade”. Faithful of St. Peter Knights of Christ Righteous campaign Root out evil. First Crusade 1095 - 1099.

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Historical Background

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  1. Historical Background • 7th Century Arabs conquer Palestine • 1009 Western attitudes turn • Muslims attack Byzantine Empire

  2. Development of “Crusade” • Faithful of St. Peter • Knights of Christ • Righteous campaign • Root out evil

  3. First Crusade1095 - 1099 • Pope Urban II called for Crusade in 1095 • 1099 Muslim population was massacred • The creation of the Crusader States

  4. Second Crusade1147 - 1149 • 1147 foolish attack on Damascus that endangered Crusader States

  5. Third Crusade1187 - 1192 • Henry II of England, Richard I of England, Philip II of France, and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor Richard I (The Lion Heart)

  6. Fourth Crusade 1202-1204 • Directed by Papacy • Formed to conquer Egypt • Venetians gained control

  7. Fifth Crusade1217 - 1221 • Pope Innocent III CALLED • Robert of Courcon preached message • Emperor Frederick II was prohibited by Pope Honorius

  8. Sixth Crusade1228 • Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick II • Al-Kamil, Sultan of Egypt

  9. Seventh Crusade1248 - 1254 • June 6, 1249 Damietta was taken by Louis IX as a base for his fight for Jerusalem • This crusade was a complete failure

  10. Eighth Crusade1270 • King Louis IX of France unsuccessful in attack on Tunis • Died in Carthage of the plague

  11. Ninth Crusade1271 • The fall of Antioch, Tripoli, and Acre the final traces of Christian Occupation of Syria Vanished

  12. Effects of the Crusades • Failed to regain holy land or protect Constantinople • Worsened Jews social position • Muslims lost control of Spain • Muslims learn new military techniques • Brought Islamic science, medicine, and architecture to Europe

  13. References • Asher, S. The effects of the crusades. Retrieved February 27, 2005, from http://www.iwms.wlwv.k12.or.us/ASHERS/2003_AM_Islam/alex/effect -pg1.htm • Discussion: Crusade. Retrieved February 15, 2005, from http://omniknow.com/common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Crusade#Popul ar_reputation. • Farlex (2005). Eighth crusade. Retrieved February 25, 2005, from http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/eighth+crusade

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