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Karl Landsteiner, Watson & Crick, and Christian Barnard

Karl Landsteiner, Watson & Crick, and Christian Barnard . By: Belinda Philip, Caroline Kelly, Claudia Dzieszko , Justin Curry . Christian Barnard. Christian Barnard (Dec. 1967) - first surgeon to preform heart transplant on a human

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Karl Landsteiner, Watson & Crick, and Christian Barnard

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  1. Karl Landsteiner, Watson & Crick, and Christian Barnard By: Belinda Philip, Caroline Kelly, Claudia Dzieszko, Justin Curry

  2. Christian Barnard • Christian Barnard (Dec. 1967) - first surgeon to preform heart transplant on a human • Removed patient’s dying heart; replaced it with healthy one from an accident victim • Many surgeons tried this operation - little success (mostly dogs)

  3. Barnard (cont.) • Development of antirejection drugs and experience - heart transplant became standard • Barnard’s most important medical achievement -courage to successfully perform surgery (other surgeons hesitated to do it on a human) • 2,100 heart transplants in the United States each year

  4. Karl Landsteiner • - In 1930 -Nobel prize for his work in immunology • - Discovered that characteristics of blood could be inherited • - 1909- created the system used to divide and identify blood types into groups, such as: A, B, AB, and O. • - Before his contributions to immunology, scientists believed that everyone had the same type of blood

  5. Watson and Crick • 1948- Pauling discovers proteins shaped as spiraled alpha helix • Wilkin and Franklin (x-ray) - King’s College; Watson and Crick (model) - Cambridge • Race to discover accurate DNA structure • Watson attends Franklin’s lecture- phosphate on outside • Franklin’s x-ray showed helical shape • Wilkin showed x-rays to Watson

  6. Watson and Crick (cont.) • Watson and Crick: molec. had 2 chains of nucleotides, each in helix- opposite direction • Crick added that base pairs interlocked in middle • Each strand of DNA was a template for another- less errors during cell division • 1962- Watson, Crick, and Wilson receive Nobel Prize in Medicine

  7. Bibliography • Workshop, DNA. "A Science Odyssey." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. • "James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin." Homepage of the Chemical Heritage Foundation. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. • ." The Discovery of the Molecular Structure of DNA. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. • "People and Discoveries." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. • Altman, Lawrence K. "Christiaan Barnard, 78, Surgeon For First Heart Transplant, Dies."The New York Times. The New York Times, 03 Sept. 2001. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.

  8. Bibliogrophy cont. • "Karl Landsteiner Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. • "Karl Landsteiner - Biographical." Karl Landsteiner - Biographical. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. • PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.

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