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ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY

ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY. ASSOCIATE PROF.DR. HÜSEYİN TUR. Basic seismic interpretation. RECORDING SEISMIC DATA. Compressional (P) and Shear (S) waves. P wave: the fastest kind of seismic wave. The P wave can move through solid rock and fluids

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ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY

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  1. ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY ASSOCIATE PROF.DR. HÜSEYİN TUR

  2. Basic seismic interpretation

  3. RECORDING SEISMIC DATA

  4. Compressional (P) and Shear (S) waves • P wave: the fastest kind of seismic wave. The P wave can move through solid rock and fluids • S wave: slower than a P wave and can only move through solid rock

  5. P-wave Source CMP CCP 3C/4C Receiver Surface/ seafloor Incident P-waves Reflected P-wave Reflected Mode Converted S-wave (SV) Reflector Transmitted P and SV waves

  6. Basic reflection theory • Refected and Transmitted waves • Reflection coefficient • the velocity increases across the interface the reflection coefficient will be positive (peak) • RC's are negative when moving from a high velocity to a low velocity (trough) Phase: Refers to the SHAPE of a wavelet Polarity: Only has positive and negative conditions

  7. Bright Spot Dim spot and Flat Spot • Bright spot is preresented with high ampliture indicacate low velocity gas sand. Sometime bright spot may exist because of some lithologic variation • Dim spot have nearly the same velocity between two layers. • Flat spot is a reflection from the flat upper surface of a liquid, that is a contact between a liquid and a gas. Only recognizable when theother reflections around it are not flat

  8. Velocity Some factors effect to velocity: • Compaction (depend on depth) • Lithology (limestone>sandstone) • Porosity • Pore fluid type (H2O>Oil>Gas) • Geologic age

  9. Workflow Geology 2D Seismic data acquisition 3D seismic data acquisition Seismic data processing Seismis data interpretation Time to depth conversion Location to Drill

  10. Seismic data interpretation

  11. Interpretation workflow (3D) IESX Grid and Contour map Display basemap and seis2Dv/3Dv Interpret faults Interpret horizons, create fault contacts Create fault boundaries CPS-3 Time to depth conversion Depth map Volumetric calculation Location To drill

  12. Display Basemap 2D line 3D Survey 3D inline) Crossline: 500-770, Increment: 20 2D CDP increment: 50

  13. Display Seis2DV/3DV • Display style: VI: variable intensity wiggle trace VA VI

  14. Source Points 4C Receivers In-line Geophone N  Cross-line Geophone IN-LINE AND CROSS-LINE

  15. Method to pick the Faults Inline 570: parallel to Fault strike Crossline 570: perpendicular to Fault strike

  16. Interpret Faults Fault location

  17. Interpret Horizons Horizon_1 Horizon_2

  18. Create fault boundaries Fault_3 Fault_2 Horizon_2 Horizon_1 Fault_1

  19. Grid and Contour Horizon_1 Time map with Fault boundaries Time map with no Fault boundaries Time: 680-770 (ms) Gridding>structural Gridding

  20. Grid and Contour Horizon_2 Time map with Fault boundaries Time map no fault boundaries Time: 940-1110 (ms)

  21. Time to Depth Conversion

  22. Create Depth Map Horizon_1: 1959-2265 (ft) Horizon_2: 2900-3536 (ft) Interval: 20 (ft) Interval: 25 (ft)

  23. Location to drill drill model seismic

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